Determinación de los efectos de la utilización de biosólido como abono en especie vegetal de ciclo corto
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Date
2024
Journal Title
Journal ISSN
Volume Title
Publisher
PUCE - Ibarra
Abstract
El problema por el cual se ha decidido hacer este trabajo es que no se realiza una disposición adecuada para el producto final de una planta de tratamiento de aguas residuales siendo el biosólido, un contaminante, por eso este proyecto se realizó con la intención de determinar cuáles son los efectos de usar los biosólidos producidos en la planta de tratamiento de aguas residuales de la ciudad de Ibarra-Ecuador, en cuanto a la cantidad de metales pesados (Hg, Pb y Cd) que puede absorber la especie vegetal: lechuga (Lactuca sativa) de la variedad crespa verde, al evaluar las concentración de estos metales al final del desarrollo de la misma, para determinar si existe toxicidad en la especie vegetal, con el fin de darle una disposición final a este producto. Para el desarrollo del experimento se determinaron 4 tratamientos con 3 repeticiones, cuyas dosis fueron aplicadas de la siguiente manera: T0 (0% biosólido), T1 (5% biosólido), T2 (10% biosólido) y T3 (15% biosólido). La siembra de la especie vegetal se realizó en terreno de la PTAR de Ibarra, teniendo en total 144 especies vegetales de lechuga (Lactuca sativa) de la variedad crespa, en fundas con la tierra y el biosólido mezclado respectivamente por tratamiento y organizado por un diseño completamente al azar, mientras que la fase de laboratorio se llevó a cabo en las instalaciones de la PUCE-I, donde se realizó la caracterización del biosólido y seguido la determinación de cantidad de metales pesados en la planta con el método de absorción atómica de llama, las mismas concentraciones que se encuentran bajo la normativa, siendo los mismos que no presentan un riesgo de toxicidad.
The problem for which it has been decided to do this work is that there is no adequate disposal for the final product of a wastewater treatment plant being the biosolid, a pollutant, so this project was conducted with the intention of determining what are the effects of using the biosolids produced in the wastewater treatment plant in the city of Ibarra-Ecuador, in terms of the amount of heavy metals (Hg, Pb and Cd) that can be absorbed by the plant species: Lettuce (Lactuca sativa) of the green crespa variety, by evaluating the concentration of these metals at the end of the development of the same, to determine if there is toxicity in the plant species, in order to give a final disposition to this product. For the development of the experiment, 4 treatments with 3 replications were determined, whose doses were applied as follows: T0 (0% biosolid), T1 (5% biosolid), T2 (10% biosolid) and T3 (15% biosolid). The plant species were planted in the field of the Ibarra WWTP, with a total of 144 plant species of lettuce (Lactuca sativa) of the crespa variety, in bags with soil and biosolid mixed respectively per treatment and organized by a completely randomized design, While the laboratory phase was carried out at the PUCE-SI facilities, where the biosolid was characterized and followed by the determination of the amount of heavy metals in the plant with the flame atomic absorption method, the same concentrations that are under the regulations, being the same that do not present a risk of toxicity.
The problem for which it has been decided to do this work is that there is no adequate disposal for the final product of a wastewater treatment plant being the biosolid, a pollutant, so this project was conducted with the intention of determining what are the effects of using the biosolids produced in the wastewater treatment plant in the city of Ibarra-Ecuador, in terms of the amount of heavy metals (Hg, Pb and Cd) that can be absorbed by the plant species: Lettuce (Lactuca sativa) of the green crespa variety, by evaluating the concentration of these metals at the end of the development of the same, to determine if there is toxicity in the plant species, in order to give a final disposition to this product. For the development of the experiment, 4 treatments with 3 replications were determined, whose doses were applied as follows: T0 (0% biosolid), T1 (5% biosolid), T2 (10% biosolid) and T3 (15% biosolid). The plant species were planted in the field of the Ibarra WWTP, with a total of 144 plant species of lettuce (Lactuca sativa) of the crespa variety, in bags with soil and biosolid mixed respectively per treatment and organized by a completely randomized design, While the laboratory phase was carried out at the PUCE-SI facilities, where the biosolid was characterized and followed by the determination of the amount of heavy metals in the plant with the flame atomic absorption method, the same concentrations that are under the regulations, being the same that do not present a risk of toxicity.
Description
Keywords
Biosólido, Abono, Efectos, Toxicidad, Vegetal