Evaluación agronómica y nutricional de 6 gramíneas forrajeras producidas en la finca Santa Inés, cantón Montufar, provincia del Carchi
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Date
2023
Journal Title
Journal ISSN
Volume Title
Publisher
PUCE - Ibarra
Abstract
El rye grass es una gramínea que se adapta muy bien a una gran variedad de suelos, es un pasto denso con mucho follaje, excelente sabor y buena aceptación por los animales, los cuales lo consumen aún en estado de floración, por lo que es uno de los más utilizados en la provincia del Carchi para la alimentación bovina. Ante los efectos adversos provocados por el cambio climático, se han generado nuevas variedades de pastos Rye grass que buscan mejores características agronómicas, mayor resistencia y producción de biomasa con altos niveles nutricionales que deben ser evaluadas en las condiciones locales. El objetivo de esta investigación fue evaluar durante 3 cortes consecutivos el comportamiento de 6 gramíneas forrajeras bajo las condiciones agroclimáticas en la provincia del Carchi, cantón Montufar en la finca Santa Inés, mediante pruebas de campo y laboratorio como una alternativa para la alimentación animal. Se evaluó el porcentaje de germinación, altura de planta, días de corte, porcentaje de cobertura; mientras que las variables nutricionales fueron materia seca (%) fibra (%), proteína (%), y energía (Mcal) en el laboratorio de la PUCES I. El diseño experimental fue bloques completos al azar con seis tratamientos. Tras la toma de datos se evidencio que el T6 correspondiente a la variedad Pastoral, fue el mejor en los aspectos bromatológicos obteniendo los siguientes resultados, MS 21,11%, fibra, 18,43%, proteína 19.21%, y energía 4.59 Mcal, mientrás que en los aspectos agronómicos existen tratamientos que sobresalen en ciertas características demonstrando un gran potencial agronómico a futuro. A los datos se les realizó el análisis de varianza (ANOVA) y se aplicó la prueba de Tukey al 5%, para ello se utilizó el software INFOSTAT 2020.
Rye grass is a grass that adapts very well to a wide variety of soils, it is a dense grass with a lot of foliage, excellent flavor and good acceptance by animals, which consume it even in the flowering state, making it one of the one of the most used in the province of Carchi for bovine feeding. Given the adverse effects caused by climate change, new varieties of Rye grass have been generated that seek better agronomic characteristics, greater resistance and biomass production with high nutritional levels that must be evaluated under local conditions. The objective of this research was to evaluate during 3 consecutive cuts the behavior of 6 forage grasses under agroclimatic conditions in the Carchi province, Montufar canton on the Santa Inés farm, through field and laboratory tests as an alternative for animal feeding. The germination percentage, plant height, cutting days, percentage coverage were evaluated; while the nutritional variables were dry matter (%), fiber (%), protein (%), and energy (Mcal) in the PUCES I laboratory. The experimental design was randomized complete blocks with six treatments. After data collection, it was evidenced that the T6 corresponding to the Pastoral variety was the best in bromatological aspects, obtaining the following results: DM 21.11%, fiber 18.43%, protein 19.21%, and energy 4.59 Mcal, while in agronomic aspects there are treatments that excel in certain characteristics, demonstrating great agronomic potential in the future. Analysis of variance (ANOVA) was performed on the data and the Tukey test was applied at 5%, for this the INFOSTAT 2020 software was used.
Rye grass is a grass that adapts very well to a wide variety of soils, it is a dense grass with a lot of foliage, excellent flavor and good acceptance by animals, which consume it even in the flowering state, making it one of the one of the most used in the province of Carchi for bovine feeding. Given the adverse effects caused by climate change, new varieties of Rye grass have been generated that seek better agronomic characteristics, greater resistance and biomass production with high nutritional levels that must be evaluated under local conditions. The objective of this research was to evaluate during 3 consecutive cuts the behavior of 6 forage grasses under agroclimatic conditions in the Carchi province, Montufar canton on the Santa Inés farm, through field and laboratory tests as an alternative for animal feeding. The germination percentage, plant height, cutting days, percentage coverage were evaluated; while the nutritional variables were dry matter (%), fiber (%), protein (%), and energy (Mcal) in the PUCES I laboratory. The experimental design was randomized complete blocks with six treatments. After data collection, it was evidenced that the T6 corresponding to the Pastoral variety was the best in bromatological aspects, obtaining the following results: DM 21.11%, fiber 18.43%, protein 19.21%, and energy 4.59 Mcal, while in agronomic aspects there are treatments that excel in certain characteristics, demonstrating great agronomic potential in the future. Analysis of variance (ANOVA) was performed on the data and the Tukey test was applied at 5%, for this the INFOSTAT 2020 software was used.
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Keywords
Rye grass, Materia seca, Ambiente, Eficiencia agronómica