Estrategias de aplicación para el diseño biofílico, aplicada a la vivienda del centro histórico de Ibarra
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Date
2022
Journal Title
Journal ISSN
Volume Title
Publisher
PUCE - Ibarra
Abstract
La propuesta tiene como objetivo desarrollar una guía de estrategias de aplicación del diseño biofílico, que se adapte a una vivienda del centro histórico de Ibarra y mitigar el principal problema dentro de esta área de la ciudad, que es la falta de edificios verdes; lo cual, genera islas de calor, gases de efecto invernadero por el uso excesivo de hormigón, contaminación visual, térmica en la urbe y espacios negativos que no brindan comodidad a los usuarios. Se emplean tres tipos de metodologías de estudio: descriptiva, cualitativa y cuantitativa para recolectar información, análisis de datos y recolección de resultados estadísticos, a través de entrevistas y encuestas aplicadas. En primera instancia, se analiza un número determinado de edificaciones existentes (casos de estudio), para determinar y evaluar la presencia de patrones biofílicos, la aplicación de este tipo de diseño o adaptarlo a una vivienda. En segunda instancia, un cuestionario estructurado en una encuesta para analizar la percepción de los usuarios con respecto a los elementos naturales; entrevistas para determinar el grado de conocimiento de este tipo de diseño en profesionales de arquitectura e ingeniería civil; en tercer lugar, por medio de la obtención y análisis de información, para recopilar resultados estadísticos. Como resultado y conclusión se determina que, sin tener conocimiento sobre el tema, ciertas edificaciones poseen algunos patrones de este tipo de diseño. Se evidencia la falta de conocimiento sobre la aplicación del mismo en los profesionales (Arquitectura-Ingeniería Civil). Por lo cual, esta guía de estrategias basada en la naturaleza se puede aplicar en edificaciones patrimoniales o edificaciones nuevas; lo cual, ayuda a mejorar el espacio y sobre todo la conexión de la naturaleza con el usuario, aportando a la vivienda con espacios verdes. En base a esta realidad, se realiza la aplicación a un prototipo de vivienda, ubicada en el centro histórico de Ibarra (Juan José Flores 4-35 entre las calles Maldonado y Rocafuerte), donde se evidencia, que adaptando este tipo de diseño mejora la calidad de vida de los habitantes, al estar en un ambiente que tiene contacto directo con la naturaleza mejora la oxigenación de los pulmones al tener aire más puro, además brinda confort y estimula los sentidos. Es amigable con el medio ambiente, por medio de la captación de agua lluvia, al contar con un huerto urbano e iluminación y ventilación natural.
The objective of the proposal is to develop a guide of strategies for the application of biophilic design, which is adapted to a house in the historic center of Ibarra and reduces the main problem within this area of the city, which is the lack of green buildings; which generates islands of heat, greenhouse gases due to the excessive use of concrete, visual and thermal pollution in the city and negative spaces that do not provide comfort to users. Three types of study methodologies are used: descriptive, qualitative and quantitative to collect information, data analysis and collection of statistical results, through interviews and applied surveys. In the first instance, a certain number of existing buildings (study cases) are analyzed to determine and evaluate the presence of biophilic patterns, the application of this type of design or adapt it to a home. In the second instance, a questionnaire structured in a survey to analyze the perception of users regarding natural elements; interviews to determine the degree of knowledge of this type of design in architecture and civil engineering professionals; third, through the collection and analysis of information, to compile statistical results. As a result, and conclusion, it is determined that, without having knowledge on the subject, certain buildings have some patterns of this type of design. The lack of knowledge about its application in professionals (Architecture-Civil Engineering) is evident. Therefore, this nature-based strategy guide can be applied in heritage buildings or new buildings; which helps to improve the space and above all the connection of nature with the user, contributing to the home with green spaces. Based on this reality, the application is made to a housing prototype, located in the historic center of Ibarra (Juan José Flores 4-35 between Maldonado and Rocafuerte streets), where it is evident that adapting this type of design improves the quality of life of the inhabitants, being in an environment that has direct contact with nature improves the oxygenation of the lungs by having purer air, it also provides comfort and stimulates the senses. It is friendly to the environment, by collecting rainwater, having an urban garden and natural lighting and ventilation.
The objective of the proposal is to develop a guide of strategies for the application of biophilic design, which is adapted to a house in the historic center of Ibarra and reduces the main problem within this area of the city, which is the lack of green buildings; which generates islands of heat, greenhouse gases due to the excessive use of concrete, visual and thermal pollution in the city and negative spaces that do not provide comfort to users. Three types of study methodologies are used: descriptive, qualitative and quantitative to collect information, data analysis and collection of statistical results, through interviews and applied surveys. In the first instance, a certain number of existing buildings (study cases) are analyzed to determine and evaluate the presence of biophilic patterns, the application of this type of design or adapt it to a home. In the second instance, a questionnaire structured in a survey to analyze the perception of users regarding natural elements; interviews to determine the degree of knowledge of this type of design in architecture and civil engineering professionals; third, through the collection and analysis of information, to compile statistical results. As a result, and conclusion, it is determined that, without having knowledge on the subject, certain buildings have some patterns of this type of design. The lack of knowledge about its application in professionals (Architecture-Civil Engineering) is evident. Therefore, this nature-based strategy guide can be applied in heritage buildings or new buildings; which helps to improve the space and above all the connection of nature with the user, contributing to the home with green spaces. Based on this reality, the application is made to a housing prototype, located in the historic center of Ibarra (Juan José Flores 4-35 between Maldonado and Rocafuerte streets), where it is evident that adapting this type of design improves the quality of life of the inhabitants, being in an environment that has direct contact with nature improves the oxygenation of the lungs by having purer air, it also provides comfort and stimulates the senses. It is friendly to the environment, by collecting rainwater, having an urban garden and natural lighting and ventilation.
Description
Keywords
Diseño, Biofílico, Naturaleza, Edificio