Diseño de una estación integral móvil de investigación y aprendizaje agropecuario en la provincia de Imbabura
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Date
2022
Journal Title
Journal ISSN
Volume Title
Publisher
PUCE - Ibarra
Abstract
La provincia de Imbabura es una de las 24 provincias, reúne características muy importantes tanto de suelo como clima, favoreciendo en gran parte la zona agrícola. De acuerdo al último censo de población y vivienda INEC (2010) el 47% de la población ubicada en las zonas rurales, de las cuales el 21,7% se dedican netamente a actividades agrícolas, lo cual representa el 19% del PEA, siendo así la principal actividad económica de los cantones. Cuenta con aproximadamente 40.000has de tierras fértiles, lo cual favorece el sector agrícola y por ende es una de las fuentes más importantes de ingresos con la que cuenta la provincia, teniendo utilidades superiores al 100% principalmente en cultivos como el maíz, frejol y tomate de árbol. Los datos del , re eja una baja asistencia neta en educación por parte de la población ubicada en las zonas rurales, teniendo la tasa de asistencia neta en educación primaria del 93,4%\; la tasa de asistencia neta en educación secundaria con el 68,8%, y la tasa de asistencia neta en educación superior solo el 23,2% (2010). “La alfabetización y la instrucción académica, tienen efectos inmediatos y positivos en la productividad de los agricultores, indicando que, por término medio, un agricultor con cuarto año de instrucción primaria es 8,7 % más productivo que uno sin instrucción” (FAO, FAO El papel de la agricultura en el desarrollo de los países MA y su integración en la economía mundial, 2001) Lo cual re eja que el 73% de los agricultores en la provincia resultan no ser tan productivos como uno que cuenta con instrucción, e implementa nuevas técnicas agrícolas que le permiten mayor productividad en cuanto a cantidad y calidad. El uso anti técnico e indiscriminado de maquinaria para la producción agrícola causa graves deterioros al agro ecosistema, debido a que provoca una compactación del suelo lo cual estimula una baja aireación, provocando de a poco muerte de la materia orgánica, terminando en la erosión del suelo, dando lugar a la baja producción y calidad de productos. La principal fuente de apoyo técnico con lo que cuentan los agricultores es tipo privado, y como segunda opción la asistencia pública, presentando poca asistencia en su mayoría de forma ocasional, existen proyectos del MAG con charlas y mejoras en el campo agropecuario, la intervención se ve limitada ya que no existe el apoyo ni la logística adecuada y no genera producción constante y tecnológica, en ocasiones la rutina diaria del agricultor y la distancia de desplazamiento hacia los sitios de capacitación, impiden el aprendizaje y el aporte técnico.
The province of Imbabura is one of the 24 provinces, it has very important characteristics of both soil and climate, largely favoring the agricultural area. According to the last census of population and housing INEC (2010), 47% of the population located in rural areas, of which 21.7% are dedicated to agricultural activities, which represents 19% of the PEA, being thus the main economic activity of the cantons. It has approximately 40,000 hectares of fertile land, which favors the agricultural sector and is therefore one of the most important sources of income for the province, with pro¬ts above 100%, mainly in crops such as corn, beans and tomatoes. of tree. The data from , re ects a low net attendance in education by the population located in rural areas, with a net attendance rate in primary education of 93.4%\; the net attendance rate in secondary education with 68.8%, and the net attendance rate in higher education only 23.2% (2010). 'Literacy and academic instruction have immediate and positive e ects on the productivity of farmers, indicating that, on average, a farmer with a fourth year of primary education is 8.7% more productive than one with no education' (FAO, FAO The role of agriculture in the development of LDCs and their integration into the world economy, 2001) Which re ects that 73% of farmers in the province are not as productive as one that has instruction, and implements new agricultural techniques that allow greater productivity in terms of quantity and quality. The anti-technical and indiscriminate use of machinery for agricultural production causes serious damage to the agro-ecosystem, because it causes soil compaction which stimulates low aeration, gradually causing the death of organic matter, ending in soil erosion. , leading to low production and quality of products. The main source of technical support that farmers have is private, and as a second option public assistance, presenting little assistance mostly occasionally, there are MAG projects with talks and improvements in the agricultural ¬eld, the intervention is It is limited since there is no adequate support or logistics and it does not generate constant and technological production. Sometimes the farmer's daily routine and the distance traveled to the training sites prevent learning and ABSTRACT technical support.
The province of Imbabura is one of the 24 provinces, it has very important characteristics of both soil and climate, largely favoring the agricultural area. According to the last census of population and housing INEC (2010), 47% of the population located in rural areas, of which 21.7% are dedicated to agricultural activities, which represents 19% of the PEA, being thus the main economic activity of the cantons. It has approximately 40,000 hectares of fertile land, which favors the agricultural sector and is therefore one of the most important sources of income for the province, with pro¬ts above 100%, mainly in crops such as corn, beans and tomatoes. of tree. The data from , re ects a low net attendance in education by the population located in rural areas, with a net attendance rate in primary education of 93.4%\; the net attendance rate in secondary education with 68.8%, and the net attendance rate in higher education only 23.2% (2010). 'Literacy and academic instruction have immediate and positive e ects on the productivity of farmers, indicating that, on average, a farmer with a fourth year of primary education is 8.7% more productive than one with no education' (FAO, FAO The role of agriculture in the development of LDCs and their integration into the world economy, 2001) Which re ects that 73% of farmers in the province are not as productive as one that has instruction, and implements new agricultural techniques that allow greater productivity in terms of quantity and quality. The anti-technical and indiscriminate use of machinery for agricultural production causes serious damage to the agro-ecosystem, because it causes soil compaction which stimulates low aeration, gradually causing the death of organic matter, ending in soil erosion. , leading to low production and quality of products. The main source of technical support that farmers have is private, and as a second option public assistance, presenting little assistance mostly occasionally, there are MAG projects with talks and improvements in the agricultural ¬eld, the intervention is It is limited since there is no adequate support or logistics and it does not generate constant and technological production. Sometimes the farmer's daily routine and the distance traveled to the training sites prevent learning and ABSTRACT technical support.
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Keywords
Zona, Rural, Agrícola, Investigación