MAESTRÍA EN GESTIÓN DE RIESGOS PREVENCIÓN DE RIESGOS LABORALES
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Item Open Access Análisis de los resultados de los estudios sobre riesgos ergonómicos realizados en el Ecuador en el área productiva del sector florícola, en el periodo de 2014 al 2020(Pontificia Universidad Católica del Ecuador Sede Ibarra, 2021-04) Ayala Flores, Gladys PamelaIn this work, the investigations carried out in the floricultural sector of ergonomic risks from 2014 to 2020 were analyzed to know the main factors responsible for the development of occupational diseases. For the execution, 37 studies were analyzed in which it was identified that postharvest is the most studied area with 40.54%, followed by 21.62% of pathologies of medical origin in general, then, the cultivation area with 10.81% and in the remaining 27.03% of studies the authors analyzed several areas together. It was determined that the postharvest jobs most affected are: classification, packing and packing; in the other areas, the cultivation, fumigation, maintenance and administration personnel such as headquarters, assistants, warehouse and cargo transporter. It was identified that the most frequent ergonomic risks are: with 53% of static postures and 34% of dynamic postures, on the other hand, the main causes of the generation of occupational diseases were identified with the Ishikawa diagram, these are: the lack of health surveillance, job rotation, recovery periods, training; inadequate maintenance of work tools, low level of schooling of workers, age of workers affects the development of diseases, inappropriate design of workstations. Finally, the main specific risk factors that correspond to 20% of the causes of development of occupational diseases were determined by means of the Pareto diagram, these are: the adoption of forced postures, repetitive movements and manual handling of loads, these generate 80 % of health problems in workers. With these results, general recommendations were generated to the sector, taking into account the current health emergency situation due to COVID 2019.