Determinación de necesidades hídricas para el cultivo de aguacate (persea americana) variedad fuerte en el sector Pamba Hacienda -cantón -Mira
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Date
2024
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Volume Title
Publisher
PUCE - Ibarra
Abstract
El presente trabajo de investigación tuvo por objetivo la verificación de los datos climáticos obtenidos en el sector de la hacienda Pamba Hacienda cantón Mira provincia del Carchi para el cultivo de referencia de aguacate (Persea americana), al no disponer de información de los factores climáticos requeridos para el cálculo de las necesidades hídricas de los cultivos se instaló y valoró los datos de una estación meteorológica inalámbrica y de un tanque evaporímetro para poder monitorear y obtener información del clima, la cual fue utilizada para determinar la evapotranspiración referencial del cultivo con la aplicación del método modificado de Blaney - Criddle y el método de tanque evaporimétrico o Tina Tipo A. La información climática obtenida fue temperatura, humedad relativa, velocidad del viento, horas de luminosidad, precipitación diaria y mensual evaluada desde el 9 de diciembre del 2023 al 9 de junio del 2024. Cada método utiliza fórmulas de cálculo, determinado por el método de Blaney -Criddle un valor de evapotranspiración de referencia de 728,94 mm/mes y por el método de tanque evaporímetro o Tina Tipo A de 729,26 mm/mes en los 184 días evaluados, se encontró una diferencia de 0,38 mm/mes en el tiempo evaluado, Se determinó que el valor del método de tanque evaporímetro o Tina Tipo A es en más fiable, la diferencia entre métodos es mínima para la determinación de la evapotranspiración de referencia del cultivo al comparar con los requerimientos hídricos del cultivo en base al kc característico de la fase de floración, cuajado, maduración del cultivo de aguacate (Persea americana).
The objective of this research work was to verify the climatic data obtained in the sector of the Pamba farm, Mira canton, Carchi province, for the reference crop of avocado (Persea Americana), as there was no information on the required climatic factors. To calculate the water needs of the crops, data from an automated weather station and an evaporimeter tank were installed and valued to be able to monitor and obtain climate information, which was used to determine the reference evapotranspiration of the crop with the application of the modified Blaney - Criddle method and the evaporimetric tank method or type A vat. The climatic information obtained was temperature, relative humidity, wind speed, hours of light, daily and monthly precipitation evaluated from December 19, 2023, to December 9. June 2024. Each method uses calculation formulas, determined by the Blaney-Criddle method a reference evapotranspiration value of 728.94 mm/month and by the evaporimeter tank or vat type A method of 729.26 mm/month in the 184 days evaluated, a difference of 0.38 mm/month was found in the evaluated time. It was determined that the value of the evaporimeter tank or vat type A method is more reliable, the difference between methods is minimal for the determination of the reference evapotranspiration of the crop when compared with the water requirements of the crop based on the kc characteristic of the flowering, fruit setting, and ripening phase of the avocado crop (Persea Americana).
The objective of this research work was to verify the climatic data obtained in the sector of the Pamba farm, Mira canton, Carchi province, for the reference crop of avocado (Persea Americana), as there was no information on the required climatic factors. To calculate the water needs of the crops, data from an automated weather station and an evaporimeter tank were installed and valued to be able to monitor and obtain climate information, which was used to determine the reference evapotranspiration of the crop with the application of the modified Blaney - Criddle method and the evaporimetric tank method or type A vat. The climatic information obtained was temperature, relative humidity, wind speed, hours of light, daily and monthly precipitation evaluated from December 19, 2023, to December 9. June 2024. Each method uses calculation formulas, determined by the Blaney-Criddle method a reference evapotranspiration value of 728.94 mm/month and by the evaporimeter tank or vat type A method of 729.26 mm/month in the 184 days evaluated, a difference of 0.38 mm/month was found in the evaluated time. It was determined that the value of the evaporimeter tank or vat type A method is more reliable, the difference between methods is minimal for the determination of the reference evapotranspiration of the crop when compared with the water requirements of the crop based on the kc characteristic of the flowering, fruit setting, and ripening phase of the avocado crop (Persea Americana).
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Keywords
Evaporación, Tina tipo a, Estación climática, Evapotranspiración, Blaney - Criddle