Elaboración de un plan de manejo y conservación de la laguna de San Marcos (Reserva Cayambe - Coca, cantón Cayambe)
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Date
2019
Journal Title
Journal ISSN
Volume Title
Publisher
PUCE - Ibarra
Abstract
Esta investigación fue realizada en la Laguna de San Marcos que cuenta con una superficie de 40 ha, ubicada en el Parque Nacional Cayambe- Coca y en el área de influencia del Proyecto de Riego Cayambe-Pedro Moncayo que comprende las parroquias de dichos cantones. La Laguna de San Marcos es un cuerpo de agua de origen volcánico que se abastece con ríos afluentes del volcán Cayambe. El Canal de Riego es un Proyecto destinado para abastecer de agua a 14 000 ha entre grandes, medianos y pequeños productores de Cayambe y Pedro Moncayo. Para llevar a cabo la Propuesta de Plan de Manejo y Conservación se han considerado siete programas que tendrán que ser implementados por los GAD de los cantones involucrados, se procedió a realizar un diagnóstico del medio biótico, abiótico y socioeconómico del sector, además de una evaluación de impactos ambientales ocasionados por la inclusión de obras civiles del proyecto al medio natural. Posteriormente se realizó un análisis de Balance Hídrico con datos meteorológicos de precipitación desde 1990 hasta 2016 otorgados por el INAMHI, dando como resultado que el pico máximo de descarga es en el mes de marzo y el pico mínimo en el mes de agosto. La inclusión de obras civiles en el sector alcanzó un alto puntaje en impactos negativos al medio natural, por lo que los programas de Mitigación de Impactos y de Medidas Compensatorias son los más relevantes para que este sector no se deteriore a lo largo del tiempo por la explotación del recurso agua. Se concluye que los impactos negativos del proyecto de riego pueden ser prevenidos, evitados, controlados y mitigados mediante la implementación de las actividades expuestas en cada programa.
This investigation was carried out in the San Marcos Lagoon, which has an area of 40 hectares, located in the Cayambe-Coca National Park and in the area of influence of the Cayambe-Pedro Moncayo Irrigation Project, which includes the parishes of these cantons. The San Marcos Lagoon is a body of water of volcanic origin that is supplied with tributary rivers of the Cayambe volcano. The Irrigation Channel is a Project designed to supply water to 14,000 ha among large, medium and small producers of Cayambe and Pedro Moncayo. In order to carry out the Management and Conservation Plan Proposal, seven programs have been considered that will have to be implemented by the GADs of the cantons involved, a diagnosis of the biotic, abiotic and socioeconomic environment of the sector was made, as well as an evaluation of environmental impacts caused by the inclusion of civil works of the project in the natural environment. Subsequently, an analysis of water balance with precipitation meteorological data from 1990 to 2016 granted by the INAMHI was carried out, with the result that the maximum discharge peak is in the month of March and the minimum peak in the month of August. The inclusion of civil works in the sector reached a high score in negative impacts to the natural environment, which is why the Mitigation of Impacts and Compensatory Measures programs are the most relevant so that this sector does not deteriorate over time due to the exploitation of the water resource. It is concluded that the negative impacts of the irrigation project can be prevented, avoided, controlled and mitigated through the implementation of the activities exposed in each program.
This investigation was carried out in the San Marcos Lagoon, which has an area of 40 hectares, located in the Cayambe-Coca National Park and in the area of influence of the Cayambe-Pedro Moncayo Irrigation Project, which includes the parishes of these cantons. The San Marcos Lagoon is a body of water of volcanic origin that is supplied with tributary rivers of the Cayambe volcano. The Irrigation Channel is a Project designed to supply water to 14,000 ha among large, medium and small producers of Cayambe and Pedro Moncayo. In order to carry out the Management and Conservation Plan Proposal, seven programs have been considered that will have to be implemented by the GADs of the cantons involved, a diagnosis of the biotic, abiotic and socioeconomic environment of the sector was made, as well as an evaluation of environmental impacts caused by the inclusion of civil works of the project in the natural environment. Subsequently, an analysis of water balance with precipitation meteorological data from 1990 to 2016 granted by the INAMHI was carried out, with the result that the maximum discharge peak is in the month of March and the minimum peak in the month of August. The inclusion of civil works in the sector reached a high score in negative impacts to the natural environment, which is why the Mitigation of Impacts and Compensatory Measures programs are the most relevant so that this sector does not deteriorate over time due to the exploitation of the water resource. It is concluded that the negative impacts of the irrigation project can be prevented, avoided, controlled and mitigated through the implementation of the activities exposed in each program.
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Keywords
Escorrentía, Infiltración