Fertilización orgánica en la producción de lechuga (Lactuca sativa L.) en la finca Doña Nely, barrio San Antonio de Mira, provincia del Carchi
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Date
2023
Journal Title
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Volume Title
Publisher
PUCE - Ibarra
Abstract
La producción hortícola en el país aún no alcanza los estándares internacionales de consumo. La mayor parte de las hortalizas que se consumen provienen de minifundios con mano de obra familiar y con sistemas de producción tradicionales. La producción orgánica de cultivos, a más de presentarse como una alternativa de producción que entrega alimentos sanos también previene la degradación de los suelos en donde se producen. En tal sentido, se ha planteado el presente proyecto de investigación que evaluó el efecto de cuatro fertilizantes orgánicos en la producción de lechuga (Lactuca sativa L.) suministrado a tres diferentes dosis. Para cumplir los objetivos, se emplearon como fertilizantes: biol de bovinaza, extracto de algas, lixiviado de humus y polifosfitos aplicados en tres diferentes dosis: 0,5; 1 y 1,5 cm3 l -1 planteados en un diseño de bloques completamente al azar en arreglo factorial AxB+1 comparados con un testigo absoluto. De las unidades experimentales de 4m2 con 40 plantas se obtuvo parcelas netas de 18 plantas en las que se registraron las variables peso fresco, peso seco, altura de la planta, número de hojas y rendimiento. El mejor tratamiento resulto ser T10 (Polifosfito 0,5 cm3 l -1 ), que presentó diferencias significativas frente a los demás tratamientos en las variables peso fresco, peso seco, numero de hojas y rendimiento. Dentro del análisis de los factores se encontró que la fertilización con polifosfito fue significativamente diferente a los demás fertilizantes. En el análisis de beneficio costo ejecutado también mostró al mismo tratamiento (T10) como el más comparado con los demás.
Vegetable production in Ecuador has not yet reached international consumption standards. Most of the vegetables consumed are produced in small farms with family labor and traditional production systems. Organic crop production, in addition to presenting itself as a production alternative that delivers healthy food, also prevents the degradation of the soils where it is produced. Then, the present research project evaluated the effect of four organic fertilizers on lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.) supplied at three different doses. To meet the objectives, the following fertilizers were used: bovine manure biol, algae extract, humus leachate and polyphosphites (Phi), applied at three different doses: 0.5, 1 and 1.5 cm3 l -1 , in a completely randomized block design in AxB+1 factorial arrangement compared to an absolute control. From the experimental units of 4 m2 with 40 plants, net plots of 18 plants were obtained in which the variables fresh weight, dry weight, plant height, number of leaves and yield were recorded. The best treatment was T10 (Polyphosphite 0.5 cm3 l -1 ), which showed significant differences with respect to the other treatments in the variables fresh weight, dry weight, number of leaves and yield. Within the analysis of the factors, it was found that fertilization with polyphosphite was significantly different from the other fertilizers. The cost-benefit analysis also showed the same treatment (T10) was the best compared to the others.
Vegetable production in Ecuador has not yet reached international consumption standards. Most of the vegetables consumed are produced in small farms with family labor and traditional production systems. Organic crop production, in addition to presenting itself as a production alternative that delivers healthy food, also prevents the degradation of the soils where it is produced. Then, the present research project evaluated the effect of four organic fertilizers on lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.) supplied at three different doses. To meet the objectives, the following fertilizers were used: bovine manure biol, algae extract, humus leachate and polyphosphites (Phi), applied at three different doses: 0.5, 1 and 1.5 cm3 l -1 , in a completely randomized block design in AxB+1 factorial arrangement compared to an absolute control. From the experimental units of 4 m2 with 40 plants, net plots of 18 plants were obtained in which the variables fresh weight, dry weight, plant height, number of leaves and yield were recorded. The best treatment was T10 (Polyphosphite 0.5 cm3 l -1 ), which showed significant differences with respect to the other treatments in the variables fresh weight, dry weight, number of leaves and yield. Within the analysis of the factors, it was found that fertilization with polyphosphite was significantly different from the other fertilizers. The cost-benefit analysis also showed the same treatment (T10) was the best compared to the others.
Description
Keywords
Fertilización orgánica, Lechuga, Polifosfito, Biol, Extracto de algas