Identificación de los agentes bacterianos Salmonella sp., Shigella sp., Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus sp., Klebsiella sp., Citrobacter sp., Pseudomonas sp., Enterobacter sp, Proteus sp., relacionados con la mortalidad en cuyes hembras reproductoras (Cavia porcellus) de crianza intensiva en la explotación Cuyera Andina ubicada en la provincia de Imbabura
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Date
2023
Journal Title
Journal ISSN
Volume Title
Publisher
PUCE - Ibarra
Abstract
La producción de cuyes se encuentra catalogada, como una de las actividades de mayor importancia para las familias y productores provenientes de la sierra ecuatoriana, sin embargo, la presencia de ciertas enfermedades, dentro de las explotaciones impide un adecuado desarrollo de los animales, afectando así, directamente a la producción y reproducción de los mismos, generando, además un desbalance total al aumentarse los índices de mortalidad. Una de las principales causas frente a este problema es el inadecuado y escaso o incluso nulo uso de programas sanitarios dentro de las instalaciones, permitiendo la entrada y proliferación de bacterias, lo cual, a su vez, generará enfermedades a nivel de todo el galpón. Una solución frente a esto, es la implementación de planes de prevención y capacitación del personal, así como primera instancia, la identificación de los principales agentes bacterianos asociados a la mortalidad de los cuyes. El objetivo general de este estudio está enfocado en la determinación de la presencia de cepas como: Salmonella sp., Shigella, Escherichia coli., Staphylococcys sp., Klebsiella sp., Citrobacter sp., Pseudomonas sp., Enterobacter sp. y Proteus sp. Para el desarrollo de la investigación se contemplaron dos etapas, la selección y recolección de animales en la explotación Cuyera Andina y la realización de las pruebas, en los laboratorios de la Pontificia Universidad Católica del Ecuador Sede Ibarra. En la investigación se aplicó el método de estadística descriptiva, con el cual se logró determinar la incidencia de bacterias tanto en hígado como en pulmón, así como los positivos y negativos para los meses de estudio. El fruto de esta investigación evidenció el desarrollo del plan de prevención, que permitió tener un mayor conocimiento con respecto a las bacterias que se encuentran presentes dentro de la explotación y con lo cual establecer un programa de control de enfermedades. El estudio realizado, demuestró que la estación climática y el periodo de evaluación, influyen sobre la presencia en mayor o menor medida de los agentes bacterianos.
The production of guinea pigs is classified as one of the most important activities for families and producers from the Ecuadorian highlands, however, the presence of certain diseases within the farms prevents an adequate development of the animals, thus reproducing directly to their production and reproduction, also increasing a total imbalance by increasing mortality rates. One of the main causes of this problem is the inadequate and scarce or even null use of sanitary programs within the facilities, allowing the entry and proliferation of bacterium, which, in turn, will generate diseases throughout the shed. A solution to this is the implementation of prevention plans and staff training, as well as the first instance, the identification of the main bacterial agents associated with the mortality of guinea pigs. The general objective of this study is focused on determining the presence of strains such as Salmonella sp., Shigella, Escherichia coli., Staphylococcys sp., Klebsiella sp., Citrobacter sp., Pseudomonas sp., Enterobacter sp. and Proteus sp. For the development of the research, two stages were contemplated, the selection and collection of animals in the Cuyera Andina farm and the carrying out of the tests in the laboratories of the Pontifical Catholic University of Ecuador in Ibarra. In the investigation, the descriptive statistics method was applied, with which the incidence of bacteria in both liver and lung will be determined, as well as the positives and negatives for the months of study. The result of this research was evidenced in the development of the prevention plan that allowed for greater knowledge regarding the bacterium found within the farm and with which to establish a disease control program. The study carried out shows that the climatic season and the evaluation period influence the presence of bacterial agents to a greater or lesser extent.
The production of guinea pigs is classified as one of the most important activities for families and producers from the Ecuadorian highlands, however, the presence of certain diseases within the farms prevents an adequate development of the animals, thus reproducing directly to their production and reproduction, also increasing a total imbalance by increasing mortality rates. One of the main causes of this problem is the inadequate and scarce or even null use of sanitary programs within the facilities, allowing the entry and proliferation of bacterium, which, in turn, will generate diseases throughout the shed. A solution to this is the implementation of prevention plans and staff training, as well as the first instance, the identification of the main bacterial agents associated with the mortality of guinea pigs. The general objective of this study is focused on determining the presence of strains such as Salmonella sp., Shigella, Escherichia coli., Staphylococcys sp., Klebsiella sp., Citrobacter sp., Pseudomonas sp., Enterobacter sp. and Proteus sp. For the development of the research, two stages were contemplated, the selection and collection of animals in the Cuyera Andina farm and the carrying out of the tests in the laboratories of the Pontifical Catholic University of Ecuador in Ibarra. In the investigation, the descriptive statistics method was applied, with which the incidence of bacteria in both liver and lung will be determined, as well as the positives and negatives for the months of study. The result of this research was evidenced in the development of the prevention plan that allowed for greater knowledge regarding the bacterium found within the farm and with which to establish a disease control program. The study carried out shows that the climatic season and the evaluation period influence the presence of bacterial agents to a greater or lesser extent.
Description
Keywords
Cavia porcellus, Agentes bacterianos, Mortalidad, Medios de cultivo, Pruebas bioquímicas