Análisis multitemporal de cobertura vegetal, mediante el análisis de imágenes satelitales para diseñar estrategias de conservación en la microcuenca del río blanco, en la provincia del Carchi
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Date
2018
Journal Title
Journal ISSN
Volume Title
Publisher
PUCE - Ibarra
Abstract
La conservación natural es amparada en el marco legal ecuatoriano\; en este sentido, la investigación corresponde a la microcuenca del Río Blanco con 15.144 ha, ubicada geográficamente en las parroquias: El Goaltal, Jijón y Caamaño y Chical, extendiéndose en un 76,8% en la parroquia El Goaltal, cantón Espejo\; que además forma parte del Bosque y Vegetación Protectora Cerro Golondrinas. La investigación es de tipo histórica, descriptiva, documental, ocupa la investigación acción participativa\; la metodología sigue los Sistemas de Información Geográfica, en firmas espectrales que identifican las diferentes formaciones de cobertura vegetal según el espectro electromagnético, que responde: ¿Cuál es la cantidad de superficie bajo cobertura vegetal que se ha perdido en un periodo longitudinal de 16 años?, y luego ¿Cómo mejorar la conservación, bajo resultados y criterios de actores involucrados?\; como resultados: promedio de pérdida es de 44 ha por año (0,29%)\; los ecosistemas con mayor pérdida de su cobertura están el Bosque siempreverde montano bajo de la Cordillera Occidental de los Andes, y el Bosque siempreverde piemontano de Cordillera Occidental de los Andes, además de encontrarse la presencia del ecosistema Bosque siempreverde montano de la codillera occidental de los Andes, uno de los ecosistemas con mayor endemismo y diversidad de especies a nivel nacional\; hipotéticamente cada habitante transforma el bosque en tierras agropecuarias una superficie de 0,2 ha/año\; como conclusión considerando los resultados y la política pública procedente de sus pobladores es crear un modelo de gestión de conservación municipal, que integre lineamientos de regeneración natural, reforestación, y la implementación de herramientas y mecanismos de manejo de agricultura familiar con enfoque agroecológico, bajo principios de sostenibilidad, donde participen los centros de educación superior con afinidad biológica, ambiental y turística\; así como también se logre el interés de venta de servicios ecosistémicos, e incluirse en el corredor biológico andino.
Natural conservation is protected in the Ecuadorian legal framework\; In this sense, the research corresponds to the Río Blanco watershed 15,144 ha, geographically in the parishes: El Goaltal, Jijón and Caamaño and Chical, extending by 76.8% in the parish of El Goaltal, canton Espejo\; which also forms part of the Cerro Golondrinas Protective Forest and Vegetation. The research is historical, descriptive, documentary, occupation of participatory action research\; The following is the series of Geographic information systems, in spectral signatures that identify the different forms of vegetation cover according to the electromagnetic spectrum, which answers: What is the amount of surface under vegetation cover that has been lost in a longitudinal period of 16 years? , and then How to improve conservation, under the results and criteria of the actors involved? as results: average loss is 44 ha per year (0.29%)\; The ecosystems with the greatest loss of time are found in the Evergreen Forest under the Western Cordillera of the Andes, and the evergreen piedmont forest of the Western Cordillera of the Andes, in addition to the presence of the evergreen mountainous forest ecosystem of the western coast of the Andes. Andes, one of the ecosystems with the highest endemism and diversity of species nationwide\; hypothetically, each inhabitant transforms the forest into agricultural land an area of 0.2 ha / year\; as a conclusion considering the results and the public policy of its populations is a model of municipal conservation management, which integrates the guidelines of natural regeneration, reforestation, and the implementation of tools and mechanisms of family farming management with an agro-ecological approach, under principles of sustainability, where higher education centers with biological, environmental and tourist affinity participate\; as well as the interest in the sale of ecosystem services, and included in the Andean biological corridor.
Natural conservation is protected in the Ecuadorian legal framework\; In this sense, the research corresponds to the Río Blanco watershed 15,144 ha, geographically in the parishes: El Goaltal, Jijón and Caamaño and Chical, extending by 76.8% in the parish of El Goaltal, canton Espejo\; which also forms part of the Cerro Golondrinas Protective Forest and Vegetation. The research is historical, descriptive, documentary, occupation of participatory action research\; The following is the series of Geographic information systems, in spectral signatures that identify the different forms of vegetation cover according to the electromagnetic spectrum, which answers: What is the amount of surface under vegetation cover that has been lost in a longitudinal period of 16 years? , and then How to improve conservation, under the results and criteria of the actors involved? as results: average loss is 44 ha per year (0.29%)\; The ecosystems with the greatest loss of time are found in the Evergreen Forest under the Western Cordillera of the Andes, and the evergreen piedmont forest of the Western Cordillera of the Andes, in addition to the presence of the evergreen mountainous forest ecosystem of the western coast of the Andes. Andes, one of the ecosystems with the highest endemism and diversity of species nationwide\; hypothetically, each inhabitant transforms the forest into agricultural land an area of 0.2 ha / year\; as a conclusion considering the results and the public policy of its populations is a model of municipal conservation management, which integrates the guidelines of natural regeneration, reforestation, and the implementation of tools and mechanisms of family farming management with an agro-ecological approach, under principles of sustainability, where higher education centers with biological, environmental and tourist affinity participate\; as well as the interest in the sale of ecosystem services, and included in the Andean biological corridor.
Description
Keywords
Microcuenca, Cobertura vegetal, Cartografía, Conservación