Aplicación de un panel prefabricado en madera como sistema constructivo en la vivienda de interés social Ibarra
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Date
2023
Journal Title
Journal ISSN
Volume Title
Publisher
PUCE - Ibarra
Abstract
Aplicar un panel prefabricado de madera mediante manuales de técnicas constructivas, como sistema constructivo en la vivienda de interés social en Ibarra, partiendo del estudio y análisis de la vivienda de interés social entendida como una vivienda adecuada y digna destinada a los grupos de atención prioritaria y a la población en situación de pobreza o vulnerabilidad. Asimismo, se consideraron los tipos de sistemas constructivos de paneles de madera en países industrializados, en Latinoamérica y en el Ecuador, sabiendo que el panel prefabricado, es un sistema alternativo apto para aportar en alto grado la problemática de vivienda social en el Ecuador y por tanto en Ibarra, en gran medida porque tiende disminuir los tiempos de construcción en más de un 50%, si se comparan con los métodos tradicionales, eliminando además una gran cantidad de desperdicios característicos en la construcción en situ. Además, se opta por el análisis técnico del uso de Paneles SIP, por sus siglas en inglés (Structural Insulated Panel), en construcción de vivienda unifamiliar, una de las más nuevas tecnologías de construcción desarrollada en Estados Unidos admitiendo crear muros con gran resistencia estructural, de gran facilidad en el montaje, empalme, clavado, cortado y cableado. Cabe indicar que la metodología empleada en la investigación se basó en tres etapas: la analítica, el desarrollo y la síntesis, utilizando instrumentos y técnicas de recolección de información como la entrevista, la observación, fichas, tablas, mapas, planos y bocetos. Para el análisis de las características físico mecánicas del Panel Prefabricado de madera OSB del sistema constructivo SIP se realiza ensayos de laboratorio de compresión y flexión que dan resultados de gran capacidad de resistencia. Como resultado, se logra un prototipo de vivienda de interés social con paneles prefabricados de madera, representado en un expediente gráfico arquitectónico en detalle.
Design a prefabricated wooden panel using manuals of construction techniques, to be applied in social housing in Ibarra, based on the study and analysis of social housing understood as adequate and decent housing for priority attention groups and the population living in poverty or vulnerability. Likewise, the types of construction systems of wooden panels in industrialized countries, in Latin America and in Ecuador were considered, knowing that the prefabricated panel is an alternative system suitable to contribute to a high degree the problem of social housing in Ecuador and therefore in Ibarra, largely because it tends to reduce construction times by more than 50%, when compared to traditional methods, also eliminating a large amount of typical waste in on-site construction. In addition, the technical analysis of the use of SIP Panels, (Structural Insulated Panel), in the construction of single-family homes, one of the newest construction technologies developed in the United States, admitting to create walls with great structural resistance, very easy in assembly, splicing, nailing, cutting, and wiring. It should be noted that the methodology used in the research was based on three stages: analysis, development and synthesis, using instruments and techniques for collecting information such as interviews, observation, records, tables, maps, plans and sketches. As a result, a social interest housing prototype with prefabricated wood panels is achieved, represented in a detailed architectural graphic file.
Design a prefabricated wooden panel using manuals of construction techniques, to be applied in social housing in Ibarra, based on the study and analysis of social housing understood as adequate and decent housing for priority attention groups and the population living in poverty or vulnerability. Likewise, the types of construction systems of wooden panels in industrialized countries, in Latin America and in Ecuador were considered, knowing that the prefabricated panel is an alternative system suitable to contribute to a high degree the problem of social housing in Ecuador and therefore in Ibarra, largely because it tends to reduce construction times by more than 50%, when compared to traditional methods, also eliminating a large amount of typical waste in on-site construction. In addition, the technical analysis of the use of SIP Panels, (Structural Insulated Panel), in the construction of single-family homes, one of the newest construction technologies developed in the United States, admitting to create walls with great structural resistance, very easy in assembly, splicing, nailing, cutting, and wiring. It should be noted that the methodology used in the research was based on three stages: analysis, development and synthesis, using instruments and techniques for collecting information such as interviews, observation, records, tables, maps, plans and sketches. As a result, a social interest housing prototype with prefabricated wood panels is achieved, represented in a detailed architectural graphic file.
Description
Keywords
Panel prefabricado, Vivienda social, Sistema constructivo