Evaluación de susceptibilidad de Tetranychus urticae, a acaricidas en el cultivo de pimiento (Capsicum annuum)
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Date
2022
Journal Title
Journal ISSN
Volume Title
Publisher
PUCE - Ibarra
Abstract
El mal uso de acaricidas ha generado resistencia para el control de Tetranychus urticae K. en el cultivo de pimiento (Capsicum annuum L.) además de generar pérdidas económicas y disminuir el rendimiento del mismo. El objetivo del estudio fue evaluar la susceptibilidad de la plaga Tetranychus urticae K. a tres acaricidas de un cultivo de pimiento en fase de laboratorio. Dentro de la metodología se evaluaron dos poblaciones distintas consideradas como: Población 1 (resistente o alta presión), colectada en la comunidad de Chalguayacu perteneciente al cantón Pimampiro, provincia de Imbabura y la Población 2 (susceptible o baja presión), colectada en la comunidad de Paragachi perteneciente al mismo cantón. Las variables evaluadas fueron: mortalidad de ácaro adulto, huevos viables y no viables. Se utilizó un diseño factorial a x b x c +1 (población x acaricida x dosis + testigo absoluto), con tres repeticiones. Los acaricidas utilizados para esta investigación fueron: Spiromesifen, Chlorfenapyr y Etoxazol; las concentraciones utilizadas se establecieron en +25% y – 25% de la dosis comercial para medir la eficacia y el índice de resistencia de la plaga. El periodo de aplicación de los tres productos fue de 24,48,72 y 96 horas, respectivamente. El mejor resultado obtenido en esta investigación para la variable mortalidad de ácaros se obtuvo un 84% con el ingrediente Chlorfenapyr a las 96 horas de aplicación, con la dosis +25% de la recomendada. Para la variable huevos viables se obtuvo menor porcentaje con el ingrediente Etoxazole con un 0.9 %. Por lo tanto, esta investigación permitió determinar que en poblaciones susceptibles se puede aplicar dosis menores a la recomendada y para poblaciones resistentes se puede subir hasta un 25% de la dosis establecida por el fabricante.
The misuse of acaricides has generated resistance for the control of Tetranychus urticae K. in the bell pepper crop (Capsicum annuum L.) in addition to generating economic losses and reducing yields. The objective of the study was to evaluate the susceptibility of the pest Tetranychus urticae K. to three acaricides in a bell pepper crop in the laboratory phase. Within the methodology, two different populations were evaluated: Population 1 (resistant or high pressure), collected in the community of Chalguayacu belonging to the canton of Pimampiro, province of Imbabura and Population 2 (susceptible or low pressure), collected in the community of Paragachi belonging to the same canton. The variables evaluated were: adult mite mortality, viable and non-viable eggs. A factorial design a x b x c +1 (population x acaricide x dose + absolute control) was used, with three replicates. The acaricides used for this research were: Spiromesifen, Chlorfenapyr and Etoxazol; the concentrations used were set at +25% and - 25% of the commercial dose to measure the efficacy and resistance index of the pest. The application period for the three products was 24,48,72 and 96 hours, respectively. The best result obtained in this research for the variable mite mortality was 84% with the ingredient Chlorfenapyr at 96 hours of application, with the dose +25% of the recommended dose. For the viable eggs variable, the lowest percentage was obtained with the ingredient Etoxazole with 0.9%. Therefore, this research allowed to determine that in susceptible populations it is possible to apply lower doses than recommended and for resistant populations it can be increased up to 25% of the dose established by the manufacturer.
The misuse of acaricides has generated resistance for the control of Tetranychus urticae K. in the bell pepper crop (Capsicum annuum L.) in addition to generating economic losses and reducing yields. The objective of the study was to evaluate the susceptibility of the pest Tetranychus urticae K. to three acaricides in a bell pepper crop in the laboratory phase. Within the methodology, two different populations were evaluated: Population 1 (resistant or high pressure), collected in the community of Chalguayacu belonging to the canton of Pimampiro, province of Imbabura and Population 2 (susceptible or low pressure), collected in the community of Paragachi belonging to the same canton. The variables evaluated were: adult mite mortality, viable and non-viable eggs. A factorial design a x b x c +1 (population x acaricide x dose + absolute control) was used, with three replicates. The acaricides used for this research were: Spiromesifen, Chlorfenapyr and Etoxazol; the concentrations used were set at +25% and - 25% of the commercial dose to measure the efficacy and resistance index of the pest. The application period for the three products was 24,48,72 and 96 hours, respectively. The best result obtained in this research for the variable mite mortality was 84% with the ingredient Chlorfenapyr at 96 hours of application, with the dose +25% of the recommended dose. For the viable eggs variable, the lowest percentage was obtained with the ingredient Etoxazole with 0.9%. Therefore, this research allowed to determine that in susceptible populations it is possible to apply lower doses than recommended and for resistant populations it can be increased up to 25% of the dose established by the manufacturer.
Description
Keywords
Capsicum annuum l, Tetranychus urticae k, Acaricidas, Población de ácaros, Control de ácaros