Aportes del Juicio No. 17297-2022-01934 como precedente jurídico para la efectiva tutela de los derechos de la fauna urbana en Ecuador
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Date
2025
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Publisher
PUCE - Ibarra
Abstract
El Juicio Nro. 17297-2022-01934 (Caso Spike) representa un hito en la tutela de los derechos de los animales de fauna urbana en Ecuador, marcando un antes y un después en la jurisprudencia nacional al abordar el maltrato y muerte de un animal desde una perspectiva normativa. La presente investigación tuvo como objetivo analizar el aporte de dicho juicio en la protección de los derechos de la fauna urbana, evaluando la efectividad de las disposiciones legales vigentes sobre los delitos de acción privada y los criterios utilizados por el tribunal en la motivación de su decisión. A partir de este análisis, se buscó fortalecer la tutela jurídica de los animales, promoviendo un entorno más efectivo para su protección y sensibilizando a la sociedad sobre su respeto. Con un diseño documental y un enfoque cualitativo, este estudio interpretó normativas legales, jurisprudencia y doctrina especializada, complementado con entrevistas estructuradas a operadores judiciales clave. Se emplearon los métodos hermenéutico, normativista y analítico para interpretar y analizar los elementos normativos y jurisprudenciales en relación con la protección de los derechos de la fauna urbana. Las técnicas aplicadas incluyeron revisión documental y entrevistas, que permitieron obtener información relevante sobre las disposiciones del Código Orgánico Integral Penal, en particular el artículo 250.1, que regula la muerte de animales de fauna urbana. Los resultados evidenciaron que, aunque el marco normativo ha establecido bases importantes, persisten vacíos legales y brechas procedimentales que dificultan su aplicación efectiva. El caso Spike marcó un precedente en la jurisprudencia ecuatoriana, demostrando cómo los principios constitucionales pueden fundamentar decisiones judiciales en casos de maltrato animal. En conclusión, este trabajo reafirma la necesidad de fortalecer la capacitación de los operadores judiciales, promover reformas legislativas y fomentar una cultura de respeto hacia los animales urbanos para garantizar su protección efectiva.
The Trial No. 17297-2022-01934 (Spike Case) represents a milestone in the protection of the rights of urban fauna animals in Ecuador, marking a before and after in national jurisprudence by addressing the mistreatment and death of an animal from a normative perspective. This investigation aimed to analyze the contribution of this trial in the protection of the rights of urban wildlife, evaluating the effectiveness of the current legal provisions on crimes of private action and the criteria used by the court in the motivation of its decision. From this analysis, we sought to strengthen the legal protection of animals, promoting a more effective environment for their protection and sensitizing society about their respect. With a documentary design and a qualitative approach, this study interpreted legal regulations, jurisprudence and specialized doctrine, complemented with structured interviews with key judicial operators. The hermeneutic, normative and analytical methods were used to interpret and analyze the normative and jurisprudential elements in relation to the protection of the rights of urban fauna. The techniques applied included documentary review and interviews, which made it possible to obtain relevant information about the provisions of the Comprehensive Organic Criminal Code, in particular article 250.1, which regulates the death of animals of urban fauna. The results showed that, although the regulatory framework has established important bases, legal gaps and procedural gaps persist that hinder its effective application. The Spike case set a precedent in Ecuadorian jurisprudence, demonstrating how constitutional principles can support judicial decisions in cases of animal abuse. In conclusion, this work reaffirms the need to strengthen the training of judicial operators, promote legislative reforms and promote a culture of respect for urban animals to ensure their effective protection.
The Trial No. 17297-2022-01934 (Spike Case) represents a milestone in the protection of the rights of urban fauna animals in Ecuador, marking a before and after in national jurisprudence by addressing the mistreatment and death of an animal from a normative perspective. This investigation aimed to analyze the contribution of this trial in the protection of the rights of urban wildlife, evaluating the effectiveness of the current legal provisions on crimes of private action and the criteria used by the court in the motivation of its decision. From this analysis, we sought to strengthen the legal protection of animals, promoting a more effective environment for their protection and sensitizing society about their respect. With a documentary design and a qualitative approach, this study interpreted legal regulations, jurisprudence and specialized doctrine, complemented with structured interviews with key judicial operators. The hermeneutic, normative and analytical methods were used to interpret and analyze the normative and jurisprudential elements in relation to the protection of the rights of urban fauna. The techniques applied included documentary review and interviews, which made it possible to obtain relevant information about the provisions of the Comprehensive Organic Criminal Code, in particular article 250.1, which regulates the death of animals of urban fauna. The results showed that, although the regulatory framework has established important bases, legal gaps and procedural gaps persist that hinder its effective application. The Spike case set a precedent in Ecuadorian jurisprudence, demonstrating how constitutional principles can support judicial decisions in cases of animal abuse. In conclusion, this work reaffirms the need to strengthen the training of judicial operators, promote legislative reforms and promote a culture of respect for urban animals to ensure their effective protection.
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Keywords
Fauna urbana, Delitos contra animales, Muerte a animal, Caso spike