Estimación del punto óptimo de corte en el cultivo de Ray Grass Híbrido (Lolium Hibridum H.) En el cantón Ibarra
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Date
2025
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Publisher
PUCE - Ibarra
Abstract
El objetivo principal de este estudio fue determinar el punto óptimo de corte en el cultivo de ray grass híbrido (Lolium hibridum H.), evaluando la correlación entre el número de hojas y la hora de corte con indicadores de calidad como la concentración de sólidos solubles, el contenido de fibra bruta y la materia seca. El diseño experimental fue un diseño de bloques completos al azar (DBCA) con un arreglo factorial de dos factores: el número de hojas (2,5 y 3 hojas) y la hora de corte (8:00, 10:00, 12:00 y 14:00). Se observó que el contenido de fibra bruta aumentó tanto en el primero como el segundo corte con 3 hojas (24,64% y 22%) en comparación con las 2,5 hojas (22,58% y 18,13%) a medida que el número de hojas creció, destacándose un mayor valor en el estado de 3 hojas. Este aumento en la fibra bruta podría influir en la digestibilidad del forraje, dependiendo del objetivo productivo. Asimismo, la materia seca mostró una tendencia creciente obteniendo un promedio de 22,7% y 28,22%, con un mayor desarrollo foliar, lo que sugiere que la acumulación de biomasa aumenta conforme el ray grass madura, favoreciendo su acumulación. En cuanto a los grados Brix, que indican la concentración de sólidos solubles, fueron mayores a las 14:00, tanto para el primero como segundo cote (14,47% y 14,33%), lo cual se asocia con la calidad energética del forraje. Los resultados obtenidos permiten recomendar el corte del ray grass híbrido a las 14:00 horas y con 3 hojas para optimizar la calidad del forraje en función de la digestibilidad, la acumulación de biomasa y la calidad energética. Estos hallazgos ofrecen una base científica para mejorar las prácticas de manejo en la producción de ryegrass en el cantón de Ibarra, contribuyendo a la optimización de la alimentación animal.
The main objective of this study was to determine the optimal cutting point in hybrid ryegrass (Lolium hibridum) cultivation by evaluating the correlation between leaf number and cutting time with quality indicators such as soluble solids concentration, crude fiber content, and dry matter. The experimental design was a randomized complete block design (RCBD) with a factorial arrangement of two factors: leaf number (2.5 and 3 leaves) and cutting time (8:00, 10:00, 12:00, and 14:00). It was observed that crude fiber content increased in both the first and second cuts at the 3-leaf stage (24.64% and 22%) compared to the 2.5-leaf stage (22.58% and 18.13%) as the number of leaves increased, with higher values at the 3-leaf stage. This increase in crude fiber could influence forage digestibility, depending on the production objective. Likewise, dry matter showed an increasing trend, averaging 22.7% and 28.22%, with greater leaf development, suggesting that biomass accumulation increases as ryegrass matures, favoring its storage. Regarding Brix degrees, which indicate soluble solids concentration, higher values were recorded at 14:00 in both the first and second cuts (14.47% and 14.33%), which is associated with the forage's energy quality. The results obtained suggest that cutting hybrid ryegrass at 14:00 and at the 3-leaf stage optimizes forage quality in terms of digestibility, biomass accumulation, and energy quality. These findings provide a scientific basis for improving management practices in ryegrass production in the canton of Ibarra, contributing to the optimization of animal feeding.
The main objective of this study was to determine the optimal cutting point in hybrid ryegrass (Lolium hibridum) cultivation by evaluating the correlation between leaf number and cutting time with quality indicators such as soluble solids concentration, crude fiber content, and dry matter. The experimental design was a randomized complete block design (RCBD) with a factorial arrangement of two factors: leaf number (2.5 and 3 leaves) and cutting time (8:00, 10:00, 12:00, and 14:00). It was observed that crude fiber content increased in both the first and second cuts at the 3-leaf stage (24.64% and 22%) compared to the 2.5-leaf stage (22.58% and 18.13%) as the number of leaves increased, with higher values at the 3-leaf stage. This increase in crude fiber could influence forage digestibility, depending on the production objective. Likewise, dry matter showed an increasing trend, averaging 22.7% and 28.22%, with greater leaf development, suggesting that biomass accumulation increases as ryegrass matures, favoring its storage. Regarding Brix degrees, which indicate soluble solids concentration, higher values were recorded at 14:00 in both the first and second cuts (14.47% and 14.33%), which is associated with the forage's energy quality. The results obtained suggest that cutting hybrid ryegrass at 14:00 and at the 3-leaf stage optimizes forage quality in terms of digestibility, biomass accumulation, and energy quality. These findings provide a scientific basis for improving management practices in ryegrass production in the canton of Ibarra, contributing to the optimization of animal feeding.
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Keywords
Calidad forrajera, Fibra bruta, Materia seca, Punto óptimo de corte, Sólidos solubles