Caracterización Microbiológica y Molecular de la bacteria Staphylococcus aureus aislada de la mastitis bovina y determinación de su incidencia económica en los productores de leche de la Provincia del Carchi- Ecuador
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Date
2023
Journal Title
Journal ISSN
Volume Title
Publisher
PUCE - Ibarra
Abstract
La provincia del Carchi, destacada por su significativa producción con alrededor de una producción diaria de 4’751.697 litros que proveen una demanda local de los consumidores. Por tal razón uno de los principales problemas que afecta a los ganaderos es la presencia de mastitis, siendo la principal causa la presencia de la bacteria Staphylococcus aureus. Esta investigación propuso caracterizar microbiológica y molecularmente la bacteria Staphylococcus aureus y su incidencia económica en la provincia del Carchi, lo cual La metodología se dividió en dos fases. En la fase de campo: la cual se llevó a cabo en 8 fincas ganaderas, con un total de 301 vacas para muestreo y posterior realización de pruebas de California Mastitis Test (CMT). Para la fase de laboratorio, se sembraron 95 muestras en el medio de cultivo Manitol Salado, medio específico para el crecimiento de bacterias Gram positivas, las cuales se observaron a través del conteo de las Unidades Formadoras de Colonias (UFC) posterior a la siembra. Para la identificación bioquímica y morfológica se realizaron varias pruebas (Tinción Gram, coagulasa, catalasa, α hemolisis ß) con las cuales se confirmaron la presencia de Staphylococcus aureus en las muestras y una vez confirmada su presencia se realizó la caracterización molecular, para ello fue necesario realizar la caracterización molecular implicó la secuenciación de ADN, realizada en el laboratorio IDGen en Quito. La incidencia económica se estimó en una pérdida anual del 4,73% en la producción lechera de la provincia del Carchi. Estos hallazgos no solo contribuyen al entendimiento de la problemática local, sino que también ofrecen una base para estrategias de manejo y prevención, con implicaciones directas en la sostenibilidad y rentabilidad de la industria lechera en la región.
The province of Carchi, highlighted for its significant production with around a daily production of 4,751,697 liters that supply local consumer demand. For this reason, one of the main problems that affects livestock farmers is the presence of mastitis, the main cause being the presence of the Staphylococcus aureus bacteria. This research proposed to characterize microbiologically and molecularly the Staphylococcus aureus bacteria and its economic impact in the province of Carchi, which The methodology was divided into two phases. In the field phase: which was carried out on 8 livestock farms, with a total of 301 cows for sampling and subsequent testing of the California Mastitis Test (CMT). For the laboratory phase, 95 samples were sown in the Salted Mannitol culture medium, a specific medium for the growth of Gram positive bacteria, which were observed through the counting of Colony Forming Units (CFU) after sowing. For biochemical and morphological identification, several tests were performed (Gram stain, coagulase, catalase, α β hemolysis) with which the presence of Staphylococcus aureus in the samples was confirmed and once its presence was confirmed, molecular characterization was carried out, for this it was The necessary molecular characterization involved DNA sequencing, carried out at the IDGen laboratory in Quito. The economic impact was estimated at an annual loss of 4.73% in dairy production in the province of Carchi. These findings not only contribute to the understanding of the local problem, but also offer a basis for management and prevention strategies, with direct implications for the sustainability and profitability of the dairy industry in the region.
The province of Carchi, highlighted for its significant production with around a daily production of 4,751,697 liters that supply local consumer demand. For this reason, one of the main problems that affects livestock farmers is the presence of mastitis, the main cause being the presence of the Staphylococcus aureus bacteria. This research proposed to characterize microbiologically and molecularly the Staphylococcus aureus bacteria and its economic impact in the province of Carchi, which The methodology was divided into two phases. In the field phase: which was carried out on 8 livestock farms, with a total of 301 cows for sampling and subsequent testing of the California Mastitis Test (CMT). For the laboratory phase, 95 samples were sown in the Salted Mannitol culture medium, a specific medium for the growth of Gram positive bacteria, which were observed through the counting of Colony Forming Units (CFU) after sowing. For biochemical and morphological identification, several tests were performed (Gram stain, coagulase, catalase, α β hemolysis) with which the presence of Staphylococcus aureus in the samples was confirmed and once its presence was confirmed, molecular characterization was carried out, for this it was The necessary molecular characterization involved DNA sequencing, carried out at the IDGen laboratory in Quito. The economic impact was estimated at an annual loss of 4.73% in dairy production in the province of Carchi. These findings not only contribute to the understanding of the local problem, but also offer a basis for management and prevention strategies, with direct implications for the sustainability and profitability of the dairy industry in the region.
Description
Keywords
Staphylococcus aureus, Mastitis bovina, Incidencia económica, Carchi