Evaluación del efecto de quitosano en la germinación y crecimiento de plántulas de lechuga (Lactuca sativa L.) variedad crespa verde, como bio-estimulante, en el cantón Ibarra – provincia de Imbabura
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Date
2023
Journal Title
Journal ISSN
Volume Title
Publisher
PUCE - Ibarra
Abstract
La descontrolada aplicación de estimulantes de crecimiento en la agricultura es un problema de absoluta relevancia, debido a la elevada toxicidad química que contienen estas sustancias, concluyendo en afectaciones a la salud y la contaminación de los ecosistemas. El objetivo de este estudio fue evaluar el efecto del quitosano como Bio-estimulante en el crecimiento vegetal, determinando su influencia en la germinación de semillas de lechuga y la respuesta vegetativa de plántulas de lechuga bajo condiciones de vivero. Se sometió semillas de lechuga a cuatro concentraciones de quitosano (0, 1000, 2000 y 3000 mg/l) por un tiempo de imbibición de 10 minutos. Al cabo de 7 días se determinó el porcentaje de germinación en la fase de laboratorio. Revelando como la mejor concentración al tratamiento T2 (1000 mg/l de quitosano) dando como resultado un 93% de germinación; esta dosis fue usada en fase de campo. Para determinar la frecuencia ideal de aplicación se evaluó tres tratamientos (T1: sin aplicación de quitosano, T2: una aplicación quitosano a los 10 DDS (días después de siembra) y T3: dos aplicaciones de quitosano a los 10 y 20 DDS), al cabo de 30 días se determinó que el porcentaje de emergencia fue de 90.4% y no tuvo diferencias significativas entre frecuencias, con T3 se obtuvo los mejores resultados en altura de plántula (11,059 cm), biomasa foliar fresca y seca (0,9416 y 0,065 gramos); biomasa radicular fresca y seca (0,203 y 0,016 gramos). La concentración T2 (1000 mg/l) en fase de laboratorio es ideal para la germinación de lechuga variedad crespa verde; la frecuencia T3 (dos inmersiones) en fase de campo influye positivamente en el crecimiento de plántulas de lechuga.
The uncontrolled application of growth stimulants in agriculture is a problem of absolute relevance, due to the high chemical toxicity of these substances, resulting in health effects and contamination of ecosystems. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of chitosan as a biostimulant in plant growth, determining its influence on lettuce seed germination and vegetative response of lettuce seedlings under nursery conditions. Lettuce seeds were subjected to four concentrations of chitosan (0, 1000, 2000 and 3000 mg/l) for an imbibition time of 10 minutes. After 7 days, the germination percentage was determined in the laboratory phase. The best concentration was found to be the T2 treatment (1000 mg/l of chitosan), resulting in a 93% germination rate; this dose was used in the field phase. To determine the ideal frequency of application, three treatments were evaluated (T1: no application of chitosan, T2: one application of chitosan at 10 DDS (days after planting) and T3: two applications of chitosan at 10 and 20 DDS), after 30 days it was determined that the percentage of emergence was 90. The best results were obtained with T3 in seedling height (11.059 cm), fresh and dry leaf biomass (0.9416 and 0.065 grams), and fresh and dry root biomass (0.203 and 0.016 grams). The T2 concentration (1000 mg/l) in the laboratory phase is ideal for the germination of lettuce green crespa variety; the T3 frequency (two immersions) in the field phase positively influences the growth of lettuce seedlings.
The uncontrolled application of growth stimulants in agriculture is a problem of absolute relevance, due to the high chemical toxicity of these substances, resulting in health effects and contamination of ecosystems. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of chitosan as a biostimulant in plant growth, determining its influence on lettuce seed germination and vegetative response of lettuce seedlings under nursery conditions. Lettuce seeds were subjected to four concentrations of chitosan (0, 1000, 2000 and 3000 mg/l) for an imbibition time of 10 minutes. After 7 days, the germination percentage was determined in the laboratory phase. The best concentration was found to be the T2 treatment (1000 mg/l of chitosan), resulting in a 93% germination rate; this dose was used in the field phase. To determine the ideal frequency of application, three treatments were evaluated (T1: no application of chitosan, T2: one application of chitosan at 10 DDS (days after planting) and T3: two applications of chitosan at 10 and 20 DDS), after 30 days it was determined that the percentage of emergence was 90. The best results were obtained with T3 in seedling height (11.059 cm), fresh and dry leaf biomass (0.9416 and 0.065 grams), and fresh and dry root biomass (0.203 and 0.016 grams). The T2 concentration (1000 mg/l) in the laboratory phase is ideal for the germination of lettuce green crespa variety; the T3 frequency (two immersions) in the field phase positively influences the growth of lettuce seedlings.
Description
Keywords
Agricultura, Germinación, Quitosano, Lechuga, Crecimiento