Contratos verbales: análisis de la vulneración de los derechos y garantías constitucionales del trabajador
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Date
2022
Journal Title
Journal ISSN
Volume Title
Publisher
PUCE - Ibarra
Abstract
El presente documento presenta un estudio referente a los contratos verbales en el país, el análisis de la violación de los derechos y garantías constitucionales del trabajador. El objetivo principal fue identificar el impacto que tiene la violación de los derechos laborales en la sociedad ecuatoriana en los trabajadores que prestan sus servicios legales a través de un contrato verbal y analizar cómo las políticas laborales que se han implementado por parte del Estado han funcionado para reducir la violación de los derechos laborales en la ciudad de Ibarra, durante el periodo 2018-2020. Para ello, se identificó a las personas más propensas a aceptar este tipo de contrato, a quienes se les aplicó una encuesta, con el fin de conocer las principales razones de aceptación y cuáles son los efectos negativos que se causan. Tras el planteamiento antes realizado, se generó una base teórica fundamentada en la aplicación legal existente en Ecuador y la relación del caso con otros países; ya que la investigación tuvo un enfoque cualitativo, que analiza el desarrollo de las políticas laborales en la sociedad, y cuantitativo, ya que utiliza el análisis estadístico de los resultados obtenidos en la encuesta. El nivel de investigación fue descriptivo bajo el método socio-jurídico normativista y deductivo. Esto con el fin de identificar si la hipótesis propuesta es verdadera o falsa. Las técnicas de investigación fueron documentales, el uso de entrevistas con los profesionales involucrados y encuestas aplicadas a ciudadanos que mantienen relación laboral por contrato verbal. Después de la investigación realizada, se sabe que en Ecuador el compromiso laboral se aprueba mediante un contrato verbal. Por lo tanto, se aprueba la hipótesis ya que el estudio confirma que las personas que hacen uso del contrato verbal son vulneradas en cuanto a los derechos establecidos por la ley. También se identificó que las personas vulnerables generalmente no hacen uso de la ley porque carecen de conocimientos e información legal para defenderse, ya que generalmente son personas de escasos recursos.
This document presents a study regarding verbal contracts in the country, the analysis of the violation of the rights and constitutional guarantees of the worker. The main objective was to identify the impact that the violation of labor rights in Ecuadorian society has on workers who provide their legal services through a verbal contract and to analyze how the labor policies that have been implemented by the State have worked to reduce the violation of labor rights in the city of Ibarra, during the period 2018-2020. For this purpose, the people most likely to accept this type of contract were identified, to whom a survey was applied, in order to know the main reasons for acceptance and what are the negative effects caused. Following the above approach, a theoretical basis was generated based on the existing legal application in Ecuador and the relationship of the case with other countries; since the research had a qualitative approach, which analyzes the development of labor policies in society, and quantitative, since it uses the statistical analysis of the results obtained in the survey. The level of research was descriptive under the socio-legal-normativism and deductive method. This in order to identify whether the proposed hypothesis is true or false. The research techniques were documentary, the use of interviews with the professionals involved and surveys applied to citizens who maintain an employment relationship by verbal contract. After the research conducted, it is known that in Ecuador the labor commitment is approved by means of a verbal contract. Therefore, the hypothesis is approved since the study confirms that people who make use of the verbal contract are violated in terms of the rights established by law. It was also identified that vulnerable people generally do not make use of the law because they lack legal knowledge and information to defend themselves, since they are generally people of limited resources.
This document presents a study regarding verbal contracts in the country, the analysis of the violation of the rights and constitutional guarantees of the worker. The main objective was to identify the impact that the violation of labor rights in Ecuadorian society has on workers who provide their legal services through a verbal contract and to analyze how the labor policies that have been implemented by the State have worked to reduce the violation of labor rights in the city of Ibarra, during the period 2018-2020. For this purpose, the people most likely to accept this type of contract were identified, to whom a survey was applied, in order to know the main reasons for acceptance and what are the negative effects caused. Following the above approach, a theoretical basis was generated based on the existing legal application in Ecuador and the relationship of the case with other countries; since the research had a qualitative approach, which analyzes the development of labor policies in society, and quantitative, since it uses the statistical analysis of the results obtained in the survey. The level of research was descriptive under the socio-legal-normativism and deductive method. This in order to identify whether the proposed hypothesis is true or false. The research techniques were documentary, the use of interviews with the professionals involved and surveys applied to citizens who maintain an employment relationship by verbal contract. After the research conducted, it is known that in Ecuador the labor commitment is approved by means of a verbal contract. Therefore, the hypothesis is approved since the study confirms that people who make use of the verbal contract are violated in terms of the rights established by law. It was also identified that vulnerable people generally do not make use of the law because they lack legal knowledge and information to defend themselves, since they are generally people of limited resources.
Description
Keywords
Contrato, Verbal, Derechos, Laborales