Estudio de 3 niveles de fertilización química y su efecto en el comportamiento agronómico de 2 híbridos de pimiento (Capsicum annum L.) bajo las condiciones agroclimáticas del cantón Ibarra
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Date
2019
Journal Title
Journal ISSN
Volume Title
Publisher
PUCE - Ibarra
Abstract
El pimiento es una de las hortalizas más cultivadas en el mundo y en el Ecuador se cultiva en gran cantidad. Este trabajo de investigación se realizó con el objetivo de evaluar 3 niveles de fertilización química y su efecto en el comportamiento agronómico de 2 híbridos de pimiento (Capsicum annum L.) Marly R y Martha R, bajo las condiciones agroclimáticas del cantón Ibarra, las evaluaciones que se realizaron mediante pruebas de campo ayudó a determinar el híbrido que tiene mejor comportamiento, frente a los planes de fertilización\; con un día de campo se socializaron los resultados con productores de pimiento en la zona de influencia. La investigación en campo se desarrolló en la granja de la ECAA usando una distribución de parcelas en bloques completamente al azar. Para el análisis estadístico se aplicó la prueba de Tukey al 5%, teniendo como resultados: en la variable altura no existen diferencias significativas ni entre híbridos ni en los niveles de fertilización. Después del análisis, se pudo observar que Martha R es un híbrido que florece a los 59,68 días. En el número de días a la fructificación, no existe diferencia significativa. En la variable número de frutos por planta el híbrido Marly R presenta 35,14 frutos/planta y el híbrido Martha R 27,19 frutos/planta. Al analizar la interacción entre híbridos y niveles de fertilización, sobre el número de frutos, el híbrido Marly R con la fertilización media es el que mejor peso presenta, con 35,04 frutos por planta. En la variable peso del fruto, se obtiene una diferencia significativa entre los híbridos, siendo Marly R el que presenta mayor peso (107,26g). Cuando se realiza la comparación para la variable niveles de fertilización, la dosis alta es la que obtiene los mejores pesos (93,17 g). Para la variable rendimiento total, la proyección de producción del híbrido Marly R es de 14.229,74 kg/ha, siendo superior a los 9.386,87 kg/ha del híbrido Martha R. Se determina que en las condiciones agroclimáticas del lugar en donde se realizó el estudio, el híbrido Marly R presenta un mejor comportamiento en relación con el híbrido Martha R en todas las variables que se estudiaron.
The pepper is one of the most cultivated vegetables in the world and in Ecuador it is grown in large quantities. This research work was carried out with the objective of evaluating 3 levels of chemical fertilization and its effect on the agronomic behavior of 2 hybrids of pepper (Capsicum annum L.) Marly R and Martha R, under the agroclimatic conditions of the canton Ibarra, the evaluations that were carried out by means of field tests helped to determine the hybrid that has better behavior, in front of the fertilization plans\; with a field day the results were socialized with pepper producers in the area of influence. Field research was developed on the ECAA farm using a completely randomized distribution of block plots. For the statistical analysis Tukey test was applied to 5%, having as results: in the variable height there are no significant differences neither between hybrids nor in fertilization levels. After the analysis it was observed that Martha R is a hybrid that blooms at 59,68 days. On the days of fruiting there is no significant difference. In the variable number of fruits per plant, the hybrid Marly R presents 35,14 fruits / plant and the hybrid Marly R 27,19 fruits / plant. When analyzing the interaction between hybrids and fertilization levels, on the number of fruits, the Marly R hybrid with medium fertilization is the one with the best weight, with 35,04 fruits per plant. In the variable weight of the fruit, a significant difference between the hybrids is obtained, being Marly R the one that presents greater weight (107,26g). When the comparison is made for the variable levels of fertilization, the high dose is the one that obtains the best weights (93,17 g). For the variable total yield, the production projection of the Marly R hybrid is 14.229,74 kg / ha, being higher than the 9.386,87 kg / ha of the Martha R hybrid. It is determined that under the agroclimatic conditions of the place where the study was conducted, the Marly R hybrid presents a better behavior in relation to the Martha R hybrid in all the variables studied.
The pepper is one of the most cultivated vegetables in the world and in Ecuador it is grown in large quantities. This research work was carried out with the objective of evaluating 3 levels of chemical fertilization and its effect on the agronomic behavior of 2 hybrids of pepper (Capsicum annum L.) Marly R and Martha R, under the agroclimatic conditions of the canton Ibarra, the evaluations that were carried out by means of field tests helped to determine the hybrid that has better behavior, in front of the fertilization plans\; with a field day the results were socialized with pepper producers in the area of influence. Field research was developed on the ECAA farm using a completely randomized distribution of block plots. For the statistical analysis Tukey test was applied to 5%, having as results: in the variable height there are no significant differences neither between hybrids nor in fertilization levels. After the analysis it was observed that Martha R is a hybrid that blooms at 59,68 days. On the days of fruiting there is no significant difference. In the variable number of fruits per plant, the hybrid Marly R presents 35,14 fruits / plant and the hybrid Marly R 27,19 fruits / plant. When analyzing the interaction between hybrids and fertilization levels, on the number of fruits, the Marly R hybrid with medium fertilization is the one with the best weight, with 35,04 fruits per plant. In the variable weight of the fruit, a significant difference between the hybrids is obtained, being Marly R the one that presents greater weight (107,26g). When the comparison is made for the variable levels of fertilization, the high dose is the one that obtains the best weights (93,17 g). For the variable total yield, the production projection of the Marly R hybrid is 14.229,74 kg / ha, being higher than the 9.386,87 kg / ha of the Martha R hybrid. It is determined that under the agroclimatic conditions of the place where the study was conducted, the Marly R hybrid presents a better behavior in relation to the Martha R hybrid in all the variables studied.
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Keywords
Fertilización, Química, Agronómico, Capsicum, Pimiento