Manual del tecnólogo de atención integral del adulto mayor, capítulo ocho: terapia ocupacional en adultos mayores
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Date
2024
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Publisher
PUCE - Ibarra
Abstract
La presente investigación se centra en elaborar el Capítulo Ocho del Manual del Tecnólogo de Atención Integral del Adulto Mayor, documento trabajado en conjunto con la carrera de Atención Integral a Adultos Mayores de la PUCE sede Quito; este capítulo se basa en realizar una recopilación bibliográfica de las principales técnicas utilizadas en terapia ocupacional basada en las esferas física, funcional, mental y social de la valoración geriátrica integral. Este manual es dirigido a los estudiantes y diferentes profesionales interesados en el área; ya que siendo las personas adultas mayores un grupo poblacional vulnerable que se encuentra expuesto a grandes cambios tanto fisiológicos, ambientales y sociales; y al existir una escaza información y confusión sobre este tema en particular en nuestro medio, es de gran importancia realizar este tipo de documentos que permitan recopilar el conocimiento actual de diferentes técnicas que permitan mantener o mejorar una mejor calidad de vida de los adultos mayores. Por ende es estudio propone como objetivo general elaborar una guía que oriente en la adquisición de conocimientos sobre la atención y el cuidado de las personas adultas mayores, en específico sobre el tema en terapia ocupacional, a través de una investigación de tipo documental, con un enfoque cualitativo y nivel descriptivo que permita la búsqueda de información bibliográfica de diversas fuentes científicas seleccionadas bajo los diferentes criterios de inclusión, exclusión y eliminación, en donde se seleccionaron 25 investigaciones válidas que cumplían con los requerimientos establecidos, estas fuentes que en su mayoría pertenecieron a revistas científicas y repositorios institucionales en idioma español, ayudaron a elaborar y culminar con la presente investigación concluyendo la importancia de la descripción de diversas técnicas según la esfera de valoración a tratar, como así también la continua preparación y profundización en esta área.
This research is focused on the elaboration of Chapter Eight of the Technologist's Manual on Comprehensive Care of the Elderly, a document worked together with the career of Comprehensive Care of the Elderly of PUCE Quito; this chapter is based on a bibliographic compilation of the main techniques used in occupational therapy based on the physical, functional, mental and social spheres of the comprehensive geriatric assessment. This manual is aimed at students and different professionals interested in the area; since the elderly are a vulnerable population group that is exposed to great physiological, environmental and social changes; and since there is little information and confusion about this particular topic in our environment, it is of great importance to make this type of documents that allow to compile the current knowledge of different techniques that allow to maintain or improve a better quality of life of older adults. Therefore, the general objective of this study is to elaborate a guide to guide the acquisition of knowledge on the attention and care of the elderly, specifically on the subject of occupational therapy, through a documentary type of research, with a qualitative approach and descriptive level that allows the search for bibliographic information from various scientific sources selected under the different criteria of inclusion, exclusion and elimination, where 25 valid researches that met the established requirements were selected, exclusion and elimination, where 25 valid researches were selected that fulfilled the established requirements, these sources that mostly belonged to scientific journals and institutional repositories in Spanish language, helped to elaborate and culminate with the present investigation concluding the importance of the description of diverse techniques according to the sphere of valuation to be treated, as well as the continuous preparation and deepening in this area.
This research is focused on the elaboration of Chapter Eight of the Technologist's Manual on Comprehensive Care of the Elderly, a document worked together with the career of Comprehensive Care of the Elderly of PUCE Quito; this chapter is based on a bibliographic compilation of the main techniques used in occupational therapy based on the physical, functional, mental and social spheres of the comprehensive geriatric assessment. This manual is aimed at students and different professionals interested in the area; since the elderly are a vulnerable population group that is exposed to great physiological, environmental and social changes; and since there is little information and confusion about this particular topic in our environment, it is of great importance to make this type of documents that allow to compile the current knowledge of different techniques that allow to maintain or improve a better quality of life of older adults. Therefore, the general objective of this study is to elaborate a guide to guide the acquisition of knowledge on the attention and care of the elderly, specifically on the subject of occupational therapy, through a documentary type of research, with a qualitative approach and descriptive level that allows the search for bibliographic information from various scientific sources selected under the different criteria of inclusion, exclusion and elimination, where 25 valid researches that met the established requirements were selected, exclusion and elimination, where 25 valid researches were selected that fulfilled the established requirements, these sources that mostly belonged to scientific journals and institutional repositories in Spanish language, helped to elaborate and culminate with the present investigation concluding the importance of the description of diverse techniques according to the sphere of valuation to be treated, as well as the continuous preparation and deepening in this area.
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Keywords
Terapia ocupacional, Adulto mayor, Esferas