Efecto de los neonicotinoides en la mortalidad de abejas
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Date
2023
Journal Title
Journal ISSN
Volume Title
Publisher
PUCE - Ibarra
Abstract
La apicultura es una actividad que se ha ido perdiendo en el paso de los años por lo cual ha sido impulsada por las autoridades de los diferentes países por su gran importancia y necesidad para la sociedad y la naturaleza, entre los factores que afectan seriamente a la apicultura podemos encontrar a los neonicotinoides los cuales son uno de los principales factores encargados de la muerte en abejas, con el paso de los años se ha demostrado que el uso de los neonicotinoides en cultivos aledaños a los panales han llegado a ser perjudiciales para la salud de las abejas llegando a ser nocivos para estas abejas. Las abejas son las principales polinizadoras del planeta, además estas son consideradas como bioindicadores naturales para la contaminación ambiental, capaces de cubrir 7 km2 en su búsqueda de néctar y polen de las plantas. Los neonicotinoides son los insecticidas más vendidos a nivel mundial, estos son capaces de afectar en la comunicación, desarrollo y sobrevivencia de las abejas, estos se encuentran divididos en imidacloprid, clotianidina y tiametoxam y thiacloprid, los neonicotinoides poseen una toxicidad selectiva por ende afectan principalmente a los invertebrados y posee una prolongada efectividad después de un tiempo de su aplicación. Algunos neonicotinoides han sido prohibidos en ciertos países por su alta toxicidad y residualidad hacia los cultivos y abejas. Estos insecticidas son realizados a partir de nicotina, son efectivos en especies de hormigas, termitas, cucarachas, saltamontes y grillos, por ello también llega a ser el causante de la muerte de insectos beneficiosos para la naturaleza como lo son las abejas.
Beekeeping is an activity that has been diminishing over the years, which is why it has been promoted by authorities in different countries due to its great importance and necessity for society and nature. Among the factors seriously affecting beekeeping, neonicotinoids stand out as one of the main contributors to bee deaths. Over the years, it has been demonstrated that the use of neonicotinoids in crops near beehives has become detrimental to the health of bees, proving harmful to these essential pollinators. Bees are the primary pollinators on the planet, and they are also considered natural bioindicators for environmental pollution. They can cover an area of 7 km2 in their search for nectar and pollen from plants. Neonicotinoids, being the world's best-selling insecticides, can impact the communication, development, and survival of bees. They are divided into imidacloprid, clothianidin, thiamethoxam, and thiacloprid. Neonicotinoids exhibit selective toxicity, primarily affecting invertebrates, and have a prolonged effectiveness after application. Some neonicotinoids have been banned in certain countries due to their high toxicity and residual effects on crops and bees. These insecticides, derived from nicotine, are effective against species of ants, termites, cockroaches, grasshoppers, and crickets, making them responsible for the deaths of beneficial insects for nature, such as bees.
Beekeeping is an activity that has been diminishing over the years, which is why it has been promoted by authorities in different countries due to its great importance and necessity for society and nature. Among the factors seriously affecting beekeeping, neonicotinoids stand out as one of the main contributors to bee deaths. Over the years, it has been demonstrated that the use of neonicotinoids in crops near beehives has become detrimental to the health of bees, proving harmful to these essential pollinators. Bees are the primary pollinators on the planet, and they are also considered natural bioindicators for environmental pollution. They can cover an area of 7 km2 in their search for nectar and pollen from plants. Neonicotinoids, being the world's best-selling insecticides, can impact the communication, development, and survival of bees. They are divided into imidacloprid, clothianidin, thiamethoxam, and thiacloprid. Neonicotinoids exhibit selective toxicity, primarily affecting invertebrates, and have a prolonged effectiveness after application. Some neonicotinoids have been banned in certain countries due to their high toxicity and residual effects on crops and bees. These insecticides, derived from nicotine, are effective against species of ants, termites, cockroaches, grasshoppers, and crickets, making them responsible for the deaths of beneficial insects for nature, such as bees.
Description
Keywords
Apicultura, Bioindicadores naturales, Neonicotinoides, Mortalidad en abejas