Valoración del nivel de dependencia en adultos mayores de la comuna Cusin Pamba en San Pablo del Lago
No Thumbnail Available
Date
2024
Journal Title
Journal ISSN
Volume Title
Publisher
PUCE - Ibarra
Abstract
La independencia funcional en las Actividades Básicas de la Vida Diaria (ABVD) es crucial para la calidad de vida de los adultos mayores, pero se ve afectada por factores como el envejecimiento, enfermedades crónicas y condiciones sociales y económicas. En Ecuador, el envejecimiento poblacional plantea desafíos significativos para el sistema de salud, especialmente en comunidades rurales como Cusin Pamba, donde la falta de valoración de la dependencia funcional agrava la situación. El objetivo general fue determinar el nivel de dependencia de los adultos mayores en la Comunidad Cusin Pamba de la parroquia San Pablo del Lago (Otavalo-Ecuador), durante los meses de junio y julio de 2024. La investigación utilizó un diseño no experimental, transversal, con un enfoque cuantitativo y nivel exploratorio descriptivo. Se seleccionó una muestra de 40 adultos mayores de 65 años. Se aplicó una encuesta estructurada que recogió datos demográficos y de salud, y se utilizó el Índice de Katz para evaluar la dependencia funcional en las ABVD. Los resultados revelaron que el 80% de la muestra mantenía una independencia total en las AVD, indicando un estado general de autosuficiencia. No obstante, el 20% restante mostró grados variables de dependencia, particularmente en actividades que requieren habilidades motoras finas como bañarse y vestirse. El análisis permite concluir que la independencia funcional de los adultos mayores de Cusin Pamba disminuye con la edad y afecta más a las mujeres que a los hombres. Además, factores como el estado civil, el nivel educativo, la presencia de enfermedades crónicas y el sedentarismo influyen negativamente en la funcionalidad.
Functional independence in Basic Activities of Daily Living (ADLs) is crucial for the quality of life of older adults but is impacted by factors such as aging, chronic diseases, and socio economic conditions. In Ecuador, the aging population presents significant challenges for the healthcare system, particularly in rural communities like Cusin Pamba, where the lack of functional dependence assessment exacerbates the situation. The general objective was to determine the level of dependence among older adults in the Cusin Pamba community of the San Pablo del Lago parish (Otavalo-Ecuador), during June and July 2024. This study employed a non-experimental, cross-sectional design with a quantitative approach and an exploratory descriptive level. A sample of 40 adults aged 65 and over was selected. A structured survey was administered, gathering demographic and health data, and the Katz Index was used to assess functional dependence in ADLs. The results indicated that 80% of the sample maintained full independence in ADLs, reflecting a general state of self-sufficiency. However, the remaining 20% exhibited varying degrees of dependence, particularly in activities requiring fine motor skills such as bathing and dressing. Analysis reveals that functional independence of older adults in Cusin Pamba decreases with age and affects women more than men. Additionally, factors such as marital status, educational level, chronic diseases, and sedentary lifestyle negatively impact functionality.
Functional independence in Basic Activities of Daily Living (ADLs) is crucial for the quality of life of older adults but is impacted by factors such as aging, chronic diseases, and socio economic conditions. In Ecuador, the aging population presents significant challenges for the healthcare system, particularly in rural communities like Cusin Pamba, where the lack of functional dependence assessment exacerbates the situation. The general objective was to determine the level of dependence among older adults in the Cusin Pamba community of the San Pablo del Lago parish (Otavalo-Ecuador), during June and July 2024. This study employed a non-experimental, cross-sectional design with a quantitative approach and an exploratory descriptive level. A sample of 40 adults aged 65 and over was selected. A structured survey was administered, gathering demographic and health data, and the Katz Index was used to assess functional dependence in ADLs. The results indicated that 80% of the sample maintained full independence in ADLs, reflecting a general state of self-sufficiency. However, the remaining 20% exhibited varying degrees of dependence, particularly in activities requiring fine motor skills such as bathing and dressing. Analysis reveals that functional independence of older adults in Cusin Pamba decreases with age and affects women more than men. Additionally, factors such as marital status, educational level, chronic diseases, and sedentary lifestyle negatively impact functionality.
Description
Keywords
Independencia funcional, Adultos mayores, Índice de katz, Cusin pamba, Abvd