Análisis del clima laboral y su incidencia en la motivación del personal docente de la Pontificia Universidad Católica del ecuador - Ibarra
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Date
2023
Journal Title
Journal ISSN
Volume Title
Publisher
PUCE - Ibarra
Abstract
El presente proyecto de investigación tiene como objetivo principal analizar el clima laboral y su incidencia en la motivación del personal docente de la Pontificia Universidad Católica del Ecuador – Ibarra (PUCE-I), esta tiene un enfoque cuantitativo y un diseño descriptivo- correlacional. Para lograr el objetivo de este estudio, fue necesario diagnosticar el clima laboral que actualmente tiene el profesorado en la institución mediante un cuestionario, tipo Likert, propuesto por los autores Litwin y Stringer (1968), que fue suministrada a 280 docentes de la PUCE-I, se midieron nueve dimensiones: estructura, responsabilidad, recompensa, riesgo, calidez, apoyo, normas de rendimiento, conflictos e identidad. Para su análisis, se utilizó la estadística descriptiva por medio de tablas de frecuencia y promedios que muestran las percepciones positivas - nivel bueno; percepciones neutrales - nivel regular; y percepciones negativas - nivel malo de cada dimensión y a nivel general, del cual se determinó el índice de favorabilidad del clima laboral que fue del 46% y a partir de ahí, se detecta las dimensiones que se deben intervenir a corto, mediano y largo plazo, dando prioridad a las dimensiones que presentan puntuaciones más bajas: la recompensa, el riesgo, el apoyo y el conflicto. Por otro lado, se conoció el nivel de motivación del personal docente en el que se utilizó el modelo de motivación laboral ML-ORG de Julio Jaramillo, basado en la teoría del Psicólogo Frederick Herzberg, se midió ocho factores de dos dimensiones: factores motivacionales e higiénicos que incluyeron cuatro indicadores por cada factor, se detectó las percepciones positivas- nivel bueno y negativas- nivel malo, lo que permitió conocer el índice de favorabilidad de la motivación de los docentes que fue del 67%, punto de partida para conocer los factores que deben intervenirse, especialmente los que requieren intervención inmediata. Estos modelos permitieron corroborar la correlación entre las dos variables a través del coeficiente de Spearman y concluir que el mejoramiento del clima laboral sí tiene influencia en la motivación del personal docente de la PUCE Ibarra, aunque es baja. Finalmente, se propone el diseño de estrategias en el clima laboral y la motivación del personal docente, basados en planes de intervención a corto, mediano y largo plazo.
The main objective of this research project is to analyze the work environment and its impact on the motivation of the teaching staff at the Pontifical Catholic University of Ecuador - Ibarra (PUCE-I). This study adopts a quantitative approach with a descriptive correlational design. In order to achieve the objective of this study, it was necessary to diagnose the current work environment of the faculty at the institution using a Likert-type questionnaire proposed by authors Litwin and Stringer (1968). This questionnaire was administered to 280 teachers at PUCE-I, measuring nine dimensions: structure, responsibility, rewards, risk, warmth, support, performance norms, conflicts, and identity. For analysis, descriptive statistics were used through frequency tables and averages that show positive perceptions - good level; neutral perceptions - fair level; and negative perceptions - poor level for each dimension and overall. From this analysis, the favorability index of the work environment was determined to be 46%. Based on this, the dimensions that need short, medium, and long-term intervention were identified, giving priority to dimensions with lower scores: rewards, risk, support, and conflict. On the other hand, the level of motivation of the teaching staff was assessed using the ML-ORG model of work motivation developed by Julio Jaramillo, based on the theories of psychologist Frederick Herzberg. This model measured eight factors within two dimensions: motivational factors and hygiene factors, each including four indicators. Positive and negative perceptions were identified, allowing for the determination of the favorability index of teachers' motivation, which was 67%. This serves as a starting point to identify factors that require intervention, particularly those needing immediate attention. These models allowed for the confirmation of the correlation between the two variables through the Spearman coefficient, concluding that the improvement of the work environment does indeed have an influence on the motivation of the teaching staff at PUCE Ibarra, albeit a low one. Finally, strategies for improving the work environment and motivating the teaching staff are proposed, based on short, medium, and long-term intervention plans.
The main objective of this research project is to analyze the work environment and its impact on the motivation of the teaching staff at the Pontifical Catholic University of Ecuador - Ibarra (PUCE-I). This study adopts a quantitative approach with a descriptive correlational design. In order to achieve the objective of this study, it was necessary to diagnose the current work environment of the faculty at the institution using a Likert-type questionnaire proposed by authors Litwin and Stringer (1968). This questionnaire was administered to 280 teachers at PUCE-I, measuring nine dimensions: structure, responsibility, rewards, risk, warmth, support, performance norms, conflicts, and identity. For analysis, descriptive statistics were used through frequency tables and averages that show positive perceptions - good level; neutral perceptions - fair level; and negative perceptions - poor level for each dimension and overall. From this analysis, the favorability index of the work environment was determined to be 46%. Based on this, the dimensions that need short, medium, and long-term intervention were identified, giving priority to dimensions with lower scores: rewards, risk, support, and conflict. On the other hand, the level of motivation of the teaching staff was assessed using the ML-ORG model of work motivation developed by Julio Jaramillo, based on the theories of psychologist Frederick Herzberg. This model measured eight factors within two dimensions: motivational factors and hygiene factors, each including four indicators. Positive and negative perceptions were identified, allowing for the determination of the favorability index of teachers' motivation, which was 67%. This serves as a starting point to identify factors that require intervention, particularly those needing immediate attention. These models allowed for the confirmation of the correlation between the two variables through the Spearman coefficient, concluding that the improvement of the work environment does indeed have an influence on the motivation of the teaching staff at PUCE Ibarra, albeit a low one. Finally, strategies for improving the work environment and motivating the teaching staff are proposed, based on short, medium, and long-term intervention plans.
Description
Keywords
Clima laboral, Motivación, Personal, Docente