La letra de cambio dentro del comercio electrónico como documento desmaterializado y su efectividad como garantía de cobro
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Date
2023
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Publisher
PUCE - Ibarra
Abstract
La investigación tuvo como propósito analizar, si la letra de cambio electrónica o desmaterializada tiene la misma validez y eficacia probatoria que una letra de cambio física al incorporarse como medio probatorio dentro de un proceso judicial, garantizando su efectivad de cobro. Como antecedentes se evidenció que no existe un procedimiento adecuado para incorporar la letra de cambio desmaterializada dentro de un proceso judicial, ya que en el Código de Comercio solo hace referencia a las letras de cambio físicas. La interrogante planteada fue verificar si tiene la misma eficacia probatoria una letra de cambio desmaterializada o electrónica, al igual que una letra de cambio física. Esta investigación tiene como objetivo analizar la sentencia N°10333-2019-01240 con respecto a la desmaterialización de la letra de cambio dentro de los procesos judiciales, incorporados desde en el expediente electrónico, como también describir la problemática que se podría presentar al incorporar una letra de cambio desmaterializada o electrónica dentro de un proceso judicial. Es así como esta investigación se apoyó en los métodos analítico-sintético y normativista, para analizar varias normativas como lo fue el Código de Comercio, la Ley de Comercio Electrónico, Firmas y Mensajes de Datos, La ley Notarial, con la finalidad de verificar si existe la normativa vigente o un procedimiento adecuado que nos permita la incorporación de una letra de cambio desmaterializada o electrónica al expediente judicial y así poder efectuar su garantía de cobro como se lo hace comúnmente en una letra de cambio física, o la vez proponer una reforma a esta normativa en el caso que sea necesaria para su reconocimiento como medio probatorio dentro de un proceso judicial.
The purpose of the investigation was to analyze whether the electronic or dematerialized bill of exchange has the same validity and probative effectiveness as a physical bill of exchange by being incorporated as evidence in a judicial process, guaranteeing its collection effectiveness. As background, it was evidenced that there is no adequate procedure to incorporate the dematerialized bill of exchange within a judicial process, since in the Commercial Code it only refers to physical bills of exchange. The question posed was to verify whether a dematerialized or electronic bill of exchange has the same probative value as a physical bill of exchange. The purpose of this research is to analyze ruling No. 10333- 2019-01240 regarding the dematerialization of the bill of exchange within judicial processes, incorporated from the electronic file, as well as describe the problems that could arise when incorporating a dematerialized or electronic bill of exchange in a judicial process. This is how this research relied on the analytical-synthetic and normative methods, to analyze various regulations such as the Commercial Code, the Electronic Commerce Law, Signatures and Data Messages, the Notarial Law, in order to verify if there is current legislation or an adequate procedure that allows us to incorporate a dematerialized or electronic bill of exchange to the judicial file and thus be able to guarantee collection as is commonly done in a physical bill of exchange, or at the same time propose a reform to this regulation in the event that it is necessary for its recognition as evidence in a judicial process.
The purpose of the investigation was to analyze whether the electronic or dematerialized bill of exchange has the same validity and probative effectiveness as a physical bill of exchange by being incorporated as evidence in a judicial process, guaranteeing its collection effectiveness. As background, it was evidenced that there is no adequate procedure to incorporate the dematerialized bill of exchange within a judicial process, since in the Commercial Code it only refers to physical bills of exchange. The question posed was to verify whether a dematerialized or electronic bill of exchange has the same probative value as a physical bill of exchange. The purpose of this research is to analyze ruling No. 10333- 2019-01240 regarding the dematerialization of the bill of exchange within judicial processes, incorporated from the electronic file, as well as describe the problems that could arise when incorporating a dematerialized or electronic bill of exchange in a judicial process. This is how this research relied on the analytical-synthetic and normative methods, to analyze various regulations such as the Commercial Code, the Electronic Commerce Law, Signatures and Data Messages, the Notarial Law, in order to verify if there is current legislation or an adequate procedure that allows us to incorporate a dematerialized or electronic bill of exchange to the judicial file and thus be able to guarantee collection as is commonly done in a physical bill of exchange, or at the same time propose a reform to this regulation in the event that it is necessary for its recognition as evidence in a judicial process.
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Keywords
Desmaterialización, Letra de cambio, Proceso judicial, Eficacia, Validez jurídica