Nivel de conocimientos sobre hábitos saludables en estudiantes de bachillerato de una Unidad Educativa de la ciudad de Ibarra
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Date
2025
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Publisher
PUCE - Ibarra
Abstract
Una vida saludable es fundamental para prevenir enfermedades crónicas no transmisibles en los jóvenes estudiantes de bachillerato, en Ecuador, los hábitos saludables, la actividad física y el autocuidado, enfrentan varios desafíos que importantemente intervienen en el deterioro de estas. La presente investigación aborda un problema sustancial debido a que no se ha determinado cuál es el nivel de conocimientos adquiridos en razón a los hábitos saludables. Esta Investigación tuvo como objetivo determinar el nivel de conocimientos sobre Hábitos Saludables en estudiantes de bachillerato de una Unidad Educativa de la ciudad de Ibarra para realizar el cumplimiento se propuso realizar una revisión bibliográfica previa con el fin de fundamentar la investigación, así mismo se delimitó a la población a través del muestreo por conveniencia, se aplicó una encuesta dividida en secciones de la siguiente manera: características sociodemográficas, alimentación, actividad física y el autocuidado, aplicadas a una muestra representativa de 46 alumnos. Se adopto un enfoque exploratorio, descriptivo y de campo con un diseño no experimental de corte transversal. La evaluación del nivel de conocimiento sobre hábitos saludables en la población encuestada evidencia deficiencias significativas. En alimentación saludable, el 67,26% respondió incorrectamente, mientras que, en actividad física, el 72% presentó un conocimiento inadecuado. En cuanto al autocuidado, los resultados fueron más equilibrados, con un 48,08% que demostró conocimiento adecuado frente a un 52% con deficiencias. Estos hallazgos coinciden con las advertencias de la OMS sobre el aumento del consumo de alimentos ultraprocesados y la falta de hábitos saludables en los jóvenes aquí se destaca la necesidad de fortalecer la educación en salud para promover mejores prácticas y un mejor bienestar.
A healthy lifestyle is fundamental to prevent chronic noncommunicable diseases in young high school students. In Ecuador, healthy habits, physical activity and self-care face several challenges that contribute significantly to their deterioration. The present research addresses a substantial problem, since the level of knowledge acquired in relation to healthy habits has not been determined. The objective of this research was to determine the level of knowledge about healthy habits in high school students of an educational unit of the city of Ibarra. For this purpose, a previous bibliographic review was proposed to serve as a basis for the research. The participants were also delimited by means of convenience sampling and a survey divided into the following sections: sociodemographic characteristics, nutrition, physical activity and self care, was applied to a representative sample of 46 students. An exploratory, descriptive and field approach was adopted, with a non-experimental cross-sectional design. The evaluation of the level of knowledge about healthy habits in the surveyed population shows significant deficiencies. Regarding healthy eating, 67.26 % responded incorrectly, while 72 % of the respondents had inadequate knowledge of physical activity. Regarding self-care, the results were more balanced, with 48.08 % of adequate responses versus 52 % of inadequate responses. These findings coincide with WHO warnings about the increase in the consumption of ultra-processed foods and the lack of healthy habits in young people, thus highlighting the need to strengthen health education to promote better practices and improved well-being.
A healthy lifestyle is fundamental to prevent chronic noncommunicable diseases in young high school students. In Ecuador, healthy habits, physical activity and self-care face several challenges that contribute significantly to their deterioration. The present research addresses a substantial problem, since the level of knowledge acquired in relation to healthy habits has not been determined. The objective of this research was to determine the level of knowledge about healthy habits in high school students of an educational unit of the city of Ibarra. For this purpose, a previous bibliographic review was proposed to serve as a basis for the research. The participants were also delimited by means of convenience sampling and a survey divided into the following sections: sociodemographic characteristics, nutrition, physical activity and self care, was applied to a representative sample of 46 students. An exploratory, descriptive and field approach was adopted, with a non-experimental cross-sectional design. The evaluation of the level of knowledge about healthy habits in the surveyed population shows significant deficiencies. Regarding healthy eating, 67.26 % responded incorrectly, while 72 % of the respondents had inadequate knowledge of physical activity. Regarding self-care, the results were more balanced, with 48.08 % of adequate responses versus 52 % of inadequate responses. These findings coincide with WHO warnings about the increase in the consumption of ultra-processed foods and the lack of healthy habits in young people, thus highlighting the need to strengthen health education to promote better practices and improved well-being.
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Keywords
Hábitos saludables, Conocimiento, Adolescentes, Alimentación, Actividad física, Autocuidado