Evaluación de tratamientos físicos, químicos y biológicos para la ruptura de la latencia en semillas de mortiño (Vaccinium floribundum Kunth)
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Date
2021
Journal Title
Journal ISSN
Volume Title
Publisher
PUCE - Ibarra
Abstract
Debido a la importancia social y ecológica que tiene el Vaccinium floribundum Kunth, esta investigación busca la manera de propagar la especie en un ambiente doméstico, y de una manera fácilmente replicable para que se pueden establecer viveros tanto con fines socio-económicos como de reforestación de zonas donde se haya perdido la especie. Se evaluaron 6 técnicas de ruptura de latencia de semillas, utilizando métodos químicos (HClO al 3%, H2SO4 al 75%), físicos (abrasión mecánica, agua a temperatura ambiente y agua en ebullición) y biológicos (fermentación del fruto por 10 días). Las semillas fueron separadas por tamaño con la ayuda de tamices, y se utilizó las que tenían un tamaño mayor a 600μ. Se evaluó el porcentaje de germinación en cajas Petri con papel absorbente (para facilitar la observación) y posteriormente se plantaron los germinados en un sustrato compuesto de tierra negra de páramo y arena fina (relación 4:1) donde fue evaluada la supervivencia y el desarrollo de los germinados. El tratamiento con los mejores resultados fue el fermentativo con un promedio de 50% de germinación y una supervivencia del 85% en el sustrato, y una diferencia significativa con respecto a los otros tratamientos. Esta investigación sienta la base para otros estudios que busquen la propagación ya sea con fines de domesticación de la especie o de reforestación.
Due the social and ecological relevance that Vaccinium floribundum Kunth has, this research finds the way to spread this species in a domestic environment and to be replicate with ease so nursery gardens could be established with socio-economic porpoise and even reforestation y the sites where the species has been lost. Were evaluated 6 different seeds latency breaking of technics, using chemical (3% HCL, 75% H2SO4), physical (mechanic abrasion, room temperature water, boiling water) and biological (10 days’ fruit fermentation). The seeds were separated by size using sieves, were selected the seeds bigger than 600 μm. The germination rate in Petri dishes (for an easier observation) was evaluated and subsequently se germinated were planted in seed germination trays with a soil substrate compound by black paramo soil and sand in a 4 to 1 relation were the growth and survival rate were evaluated. The treatment whit the better results was the fermentative whit a 50% of seed germination and 85 % of survival in soil and significantly different from the other treatment. This research lays the groundwork for other that search the propagation of this species either domestication purposes or the reforestation.
Due the social and ecological relevance that Vaccinium floribundum Kunth has, this research finds the way to spread this species in a domestic environment and to be replicate with ease so nursery gardens could be established with socio-economic porpoise and even reforestation y the sites where the species has been lost. Were evaluated 6 different seeds latency breaking of technics, using chemical (3% HCL, 75% H2SO4), physical (mechanic abrasion, room temperature water, boiling water) and biological (10 days’ fruit fermentation). The seeds were separated by size using sieves, were selected the seeds bigger than 600 μm. The germination rate in Petri dishes (for an easier observation) was evaluated and subsequently se germinated were planted in seed germination trays with a soil substrate compound by black paramo soil and sand in a 4 to 1 relation were the growth and survival rate were evaluated. The treatment whit the better results was the fermentative whit a 50% of seed germination and 85 % of survival in soil and significantly different from the other treatment. This research lays the groundwork for other that search the propagation of this species either domestication purposes or the reforestation.
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Keywords
Escarificación, Germinación, Mortiño, Ruptura de latencia