Estrategias para fomentar una cultura de seguridad del paciente en instituciones de salud de Latinoamérica
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Date
2025
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Publisher
PUCE - Quito
Abstract
La seguridad del paciente es un componente esencial de la calidad asistencial ya que garantiza que los procesos de atención se desarrollen de manera eficaz, ética y libre de riesgos evitables. En Latinoamérica su fortalecimiento resulta clave para consolidar sistemas de salud más confiables, sostenibles y centrados en las necesidades reales de los pacientes. Bajo este contexto, se planteó la presente revisión de alcance (Scoping Review) con la finalidad de conocer las estrategias para fomentar una cultura de seguridad del paciente en instituciones de salud de Latinoamérica. La investigación tuvo un enfoque cualitativo, en el cual se desarrolló una revisión de alcance siguiendo el marco metodológico propuesto por Arksey y O’Malley y se reportó conforme a la guía PRISMA-ScR Se realizó la búsqueda se información en bases de datos PubMed y LILACS/Bireme, considerando estudios desarrollados en países latinoamericanos publicados en el periodo 2010-2025, en idioma español, inglés y portugués. La información fue codificada y vaciada en una hoja de Microsoft Excel donde se colocaron aspectos clave de cada investigación incluida. La revisión de alcance incluyó 35 artículos en el apartado de resultados, en el cual se consideró 3 temas principales: 1) estrategias para fomentar una cultura de seguridad del paciente, 2) resultados de la implementación de estrategias para fomentar una cultura de seguridad del paciente y 3) limitantes y facilitadores observados durante la implementación de prácticas de seguridad del paciente. Con el desarrollo del estudio se pudo concluir que las estrategias para fomentar una cultura de seguridad del paciente en instituciones de salud son escasas a nivel latinoamericano. Entre las principales estrategias reportadas estuvieron la educación/formación profesional y la estandarización de procesos. Los principales facilitadores para la implementación de prácticas de seguridad a nivel asistencial son el trabajo en equipo y la cualificación profesional, mientras que la falta de apoyo gerencial- administrativo una de las limitantes más destacadas.
Patient safety is an essential component of healthcare quality, ensuring that care processes are carried out effectively, ethically, and free of avoidable risks. In Latin America, strengthening patient safety is key to consolidating more reliable, sustainable, and patient-centered healthcare systems. In this context, this scoping review was conducted to understand strategies for fostering a culture of patient safety in Latin American healthcare institutions. The research used a qualitative approach, developing a scoping review following the methodological framework proposed by Arksey and O'Malley and reporting in accordance with the PRISMA-ScR guidelines. A search was conducted in PubMed and LILACS/Bireme databases, considering studies conducted in Latin American countries published between 2010 and 2025, in Spanish, English, and Portuguese. The information was coded and entered into a Microsoft Excel spreadsheet containing key aspects of each included research study. The scoping review included 35 articles in the results section, which considered three main topics: 1) strategies to promote a culture of patient safety, 2) results of the implementation of strategies to promote a culture of patient safety, and 3) constraints and facilitators observed during the implementation of patient safety practices. The study concluded that strategies to promote a culture of patient safety in healthcare institutions are scarce in Latin America. Among the main strategies reported were professional education/training and process standardization. The main facilitators for the implementation of safety practices at the healthcare level are teamwork and professional qualifications, while the lack of managerial and administrative support is one of the most notable constraints.
Patient safety is an essential component of healthcare quality, ensuring that care processes are carried out effectively, ethically, and free of avoidable risks. In Latin America, strengthening patient safety is key to consolidating more reliable, sustainable, and patient-centered healthcare systems. In this context, this scoping review was conducted to understand strategies for fostering a culture of patient safety in Latin American healthcare institutions. The research used a qualitative approach, developing a scoping review following the methodological framework proposed by Arksey and O'Malley and reporting in accordance with the PRISMA-ScR guidelines. A search was conducted in PubMed and LILACS/Bireme databases, considering studies conducted in Latin American countries published between 2010 and 2025, in Spanish, English, and Portuguese. The information was coded and entered into a Microsoft Excel spreadsheet containing key aspects of each included research study. The scoping review included 35 articles in the results section, which considered three main topics: 1) strategies to promote a culture of patient safety, 2) results of the implementation of strategies to promote a culture of patient safety, and 3) constraints and facilitators observed during the implementation of patient safety practices. The study concluded that strategies to promote a culture of patient safety in healthcare institutions are scarce in Latin America. Among the main strategies reported were professional education/training and process standardization. The main facilitators for the implementation of safety practices at the healthcare level are teamwork and professional qualifications, while the lack of managerial and administrative support is one of the most notable constraints.
Description
Keywords
Seguridad del paciente - América Latina, Instituciones de Salud - América Latina, Cultura organizacional en salud, Calidad de la atención de salud, Gestión de riesgos - Servicios de salud, Revisión de alcance