Evaluación del efecto de follaje de yuca (Manihot esculenta) como suplemento alimenticio en la etapa de crecimiento de cerdos
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Date
2023
Journal Title
Journal ISSN
Volume Title
Publisher
PUCE - Ibarra
Abstract
En la actualidad la producción mundial de carne de cerdo para el consumo humano ha ido en incremento, según la Asociación de Porcicultores del Ecuador [ASPE] (2019), el consumo per cápita en el Ecuador en los últimos 9 años ha pasado desde los 6,88 kilos a los 10,90 kilos, impulsando la búsqueda de alternativas dentro de la alimentación y la mejora de la productividad, como es el follaje de yuca, el cual cuenta con un 22% de proteína, lo que lo vuelve apto como alternativa en la suplementación en la alimentación animal. El objetivo de la presente investigación, fue evaluar la inclusión de follaje de yuca (Manihot esculenta), en dietas para cerdos en crecimiento y su efecto sobre el comportamiento productivo debido a su significativa cantidad de proteína que proporciona su follaje, las variables fueron: consumo de alimento (CDA), ganancia de peso diario (GPD), conversión alimenticia (CA). Se utilizaron 12 cerdos machos castrados de raza landrace por yorkshire, con pesos iniciales de 20, ± 2kg, y edad promedio de 60 días. El sitio experimental fue en la finca “San Francisco” ubicada en la parroquia de Lita perteneciente a la provincia de Imbabura. Para la presente investigación se realizó un Diseño completamente al azar (DCA), con 4 tratamientos y 3 repeticiones durante 60 días. Los tratamientos fueron distribuidos de la siguiente manera, la ración con alimento concentrado como mezcla es del 95% de alimento balanceado más 5% de follaje de yuca en el T3, 90% de alimento balanceado más 10% de follaje de yuca en el T2, 85% de alimento balanceado más 15 % de follaje de yuca como T1, manteniendo un testigo T0 en el cual se ofertó solo alimento balanceado. Los resultados mostraron diferencias significativas en la ganancia de peso diario, obteniendo valores favorables al tratamiento T2 (10% follaje de yuca) con una ganancia de 602 g/d, demostrando así que se puede utilizar el follaje de yuca para alimentar cerdos en crecimiento.
Currently, the world production of pork for human consumption has been increasing, according to the Association of Pig Farmers of Ecuador [ASPE] (2019), per capita consumption in Ecuador in the last 9 years has gone from 6 88 kilos at 10.90 kilos, promoting the search for alternatives within production, such as cassava foliage, which has 22% protein, which makes it suitable as an alternative in food supplementation thus encouraging the use of cassava foliage as supplementation in animal feed, increasing greater knowledge about the use of agricultural products. The objective of the present investigation was to evaluate the inclusion of cassava foliage (Manihot esculenta) in diets for growing pigs and its effect on productive behavior due to its significant amount of protein provided by its cultivation, the variables were: consumption of feed (CDA), daily weight gain (GPD), feed conversion (CA). Twelve castrated male landrace pigs with Yorkshire were used, with initial weights of 20 ± 2 kg, and average age of 60 days. The experimental site was on the San Francisco farm located in the parish of Lita belonging to the province of Imbabura. For the present investigation, a completely randomized design (DCA) was carried out, which includes 4 treatments (containing different amounts of balanced food and cassava foliage, and a control) and 3 repetitions for 690 days. The treatments were distributed as follows: the ration with concentrated feed as a mixture is 95% balanced feed plus 5% cassava crop in T3, 90% balanced feed plus 10% cassava crop in T2, 85% of balanced food plus 15% of cassava foliage as T1, maintaining a control T0 in which only balanced food was offered. Concluded the study reveals the benefits that the cassava foliage presents, after the evaluation of the productive parameters, it is highlighted that the inclusion of cassava foliage to the balanced food greatly improves production. The results showed significant differences in daily weight gain, obtaining favorable values for treatment T2 (10% cassava foliage), with which a gain of 602g/d of daily weight gain was obtained at the end of the research period, demonstrating so cassava foliage can be used to feed growing pigs.
Currently, the world production of pork for human consumption has been increasing, according to the Association of Pig Farmers of Ecuador [ASPE] (2019), per capita consumption in Ecuador in the last 9 years has gone from 6 88 kilos at 10.90 kilos, promoting the search for alternatives within production, such as cassava foliage, which has 22% protein, which makes it suitable as an alternative in food supplementation thus encouraging the use of cassava foliage as supplementation in animal feed, increasing greater knowledge about the use of agricultural products. The objective of the present investigation was to evaluate the inclusion of cassava foliage (Manihot esculenta) in diets for growing pigs and its effect on productive behavior due to its significant amount of protein provided by its cultivation, the variables were: consumption of feed (CDA), daily weight gain (GPD), feed conversion (CA). Twelve castrated male landrace pigs with Yorkshire were used, with initial weights of 20 ± 2 kg, and average age of 60 days. The experimental site was on the San Francisco farm located in the parish of Lita belonging to the province of Imbabura. For the present investigation, a completely randomized design (DCA) was carried out, which includes 4 treatments (containing different amounts of balanced food and cassava foliage, and a control) and 3 repetitions for 690 days. The treatments were distributed as follows: the ration with concentrated feed as a mixture is 95% balanced feed plus 5% cassava crop in T3, 90% balanced feed plus 10% cassava crop in T2, 85% of balanced food plus 15% of cassava foliage as T1, maintaining a control T0 in which only balanced food was offered. Concluded the study reveals the benefits that the cassava foliage presents, after the evaluation of the productive parameters, it is highlighted that the inclusion of cassava foliage to the balanced food greatly improves production. The results showed significant differences in daily weight gain, obtaining favorable values for treatment T2 (10% cassava foliage), with which a gain of 602g/d of daily weight gain was obtained at the end of the research period, demonstrating so cassava foliage can be used to feed growing pigs.
Description
Keywords
Follaje de yuca, Parámetros productivos, Cerdos, Alimento balanceado