Uso de trampas adhesivas de diferentes colores y formas en el control de mosca blanca (Trialeurodes vaporariorum) en cultivo de tomate riñón (Lycopersicum sculentum), bajo invernadero en la parroquia de Chaltura, provincia de Imbabura
No Thumbnail Available
Date
2025
Journal Title
Journal ISSN
Volume Title
Publisher
PUCE - Ibarra
Abstract
El cultivo de tomate riñón (Lycopersicum esculentum, L.) ocupa un lugar importante en la zona agrícola del Ecuador con una superficie cultivada de 3.210 hectáreas y un rendimiento promedio de 18 a 20 toneladas por hectárea. No obstante, la productividad se ve comprometida por diversas infestaciones, siendo la mosca blanca (Trialeurodes vaporarioru, W.) una de las más perjudiciales. Esta plaga se caracteriza por su rápida reproducción y su capacidad para debilitar las plantas, reduciendo su vigor y productividad. Con el objetivo de controlar La plaga de mosca blanca que afecta a las plantaciones de tomate riñón, se diseñaron y probaron trampas adhesivas con tres colores (amarillo, azul y negro) y tres formas (rectangulares, triangulares y circulares) para evaluar su efectividad en la captura de moscas blancas. La evaluación se realizó durante un período de 80 días. Este proyecto tuvo su desarrollo en la parroquia de Chaltura, provincia de Imbabura. Los resultados indicaron que las trampas adhesivas amarillas rectangulares, fueron las más efectivas para capturar moscas blancas. La incidencia de mosca blanca en el cultivo de tomate riñón se ve disminuida en un 27%, mientras que la severidad un 57% gracias al uso de trampas adhesivas independientemente del color y la forma, por otro lado, a pesar de que se observan porcentajes notables en la severidad de la plaga en algunos tratamientos, estos resultados no son estadísticamente significativos, lo que se atribuye a la baja población de mosca blanca, lograda mediante la implementación de trampas adhesivas. Estos resultados demuestran que la interacción de formas y colores, especialmente las amarillas, pueden ser una herramienta útil para combatir la mosca blanca en las plantaciones de tomate riñón. Su uso puede ayudar a reducir las poblaciones de la plaga y proteger el rendimiento del cultivo.
The kidney tomato crop (Lycopersicum esculentum, L.) holds an important place in the agricultural zone of Ecuador, with a cultivated area of 3,210 hectares and an average yield of 18 to 20 tons per hectare. However, productivity is compromised by various infestations, with the whitefly (Trialeurodes vaporariorum, W.) being one of the most damaging. This pest is characterized by its rapid reproduction and its ability to weaken plants, reducing their vigor and productivity. In order to control the whitefly pest that affects kidney tomato plantations, adhesive traps with three colors (yellow, blue, and black) and three shapes (rectangular, triangular, and circular) were designed and tested to evaluate their effectiveness in capturing whiteflies. The evaluation was carried out over a period of 80 days. This project was developed in the parish of Chaltura, Imbabura province. The results indicated that rectangular yellow adhesive traps were the most effective for capturing whiteflies. The incidence of whitefly in the kidney tomato crop is reduced by 27%, while the severity is reduced by 57% thanks to the use of adhesive traps regardless of color and shape. On the other hand, although notable percentages of pest severity are observed in some treatments, these results are not statistically significant, which is attributed to the low whitefly population, achieved through the implementation of adhesive traps. These results demonstrate that the interaction of shapes and colors, especially yellow ones, can be a useful tool to combat whiteflies in kidney tomato plantations. Its use can help reduce pest populations and protect crop yield.
The kidney tomato crop (Lycopersicum esculentum, L.) holds an important place in the agricultural zone of Ecuador, with a cultivated area of 3,210 hectares and an average yield of 18 to 20 tons per hectare. However, productivity is compromised by various infestations, with the whitefly (Trialeurodes vaporariorum, W.) being one of the most damaging. This pest is characterized by its rapid reproduction and its ability to weaken plants, reducing their vigor and productivity. In order to control the whitefly pest that affects kidney tomato plantations, adhesive traps with three colors (yellow, blue, and black) and three shapes (rectangular, triangular, and circular) were designed and tested to evaluate their effectiveness in capturing whiteflies. The evaluation was carried out over a period of 80 days. This project was developed in the parish of Chaltura, Imbabura province. The results indicated that rectangular yellow adhesive traps were the most effective for capturing whiteflies. The incidence of whitefly in the kidney tomato crop is reduced by 27%, while the severity is reduced by 57% thanks to the use of adhesive traps regardless of color and shape. On the other hand, although notable percentages of pest severity are observed in some treatments, these results are not statistically significant, which is attributed to the low whitefly population, achieved through the implementation of adhesive traps. These results demonstrate that the interaction of shapes and colors, especially yellow ones, can be a useful tool to combat whiteflies in kidney tomato plantations. Its use can help reduce pest populations and protect crop yield.
Description
Keywords
Estado fenológico, Tratamientos, Métodos de captura, Eficiencia y densidad poblacional