Incidencia del matrimonio servil en la garantía de derechos desde la cosmovisión indígena
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Date
2021
Journal Title
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Publisher
PUCE - Ibarra
Abstract
Esta investigación está basada en el modelo de matrimonio servil desde la cosmovisión indígena, como una forma ancestral e ignota de violación al derecho de libertad, amparada en una figura tradicional y costumbrista, generalizada en la garantía de los Derechos reconocidos en la Constitución, cuya finalidad es identificar una violación de derechos por parte de los pueblos indígenas amparados en el derecho a su autonomía y desarrollo de tradiciones ancestrales. Además, incentivar una reforma legislativa en la normativa Nacional que trata sobre la promesa de matrimonio, el cual Organizaciones Internacionales sobre Derechos Humanos en pro defensa de derechos contra la esclavitud y la trata de personas lo han definido como: la forma por la cual una persona sin distinción de edad, es dada en matrimonio sin ser asistida en derecho, limitando su autonomía sin derecho a oponerse, para explorar su vida sexual y reproductiva a cambio de un dote, sea en dinero o en especie. Muchas de las modalidades del matrimonio servil son aceptadas por la sociedad, sin recriminación alguna, convirtiéndose en un delito el cual está tipificado en el Art 106 del Código Orgánico Integral Penal, con un gran vacío conceptual, pues este está ligado solamente a la trata de personas y a una forma de esclavitud, violentando derechos individuales sobre la integridad y dignidad de la mujer dada en matrimonio, quien ha sido obligada a una violencia sexual y psicológica. De tal modo esta investigación busca reestructurar la figura de matrimonio servil separada de la trata de personas, haciendo notar que una práctica ancestral y cultural no puede violentar derechos de libertad e independencia. La finalidad es aportar algunas claves que permitan un mejor diagnóstico para determinar qué nivel de responsabilidad tienen los pueblos indígenas y principalmente, el Estado en la erradicación de estas uniones forzadas y su obligación de garantizar la protección y el respeto de la autonomía, la libertad y los derechos humanos de las mujeres indígenas.
This research is based on the model of servile marriage from the indigenous worldview, as an ancestral and unknown form of violation of the right to freedom, covered in a traditional and customary figure, generalized in the guarantee of the rights recognized in the Constitution, whose purpose is to identify a violation of rights by indigenous peoples who are protected by the right to their autonomy and development of ancestral traditions. In addition, to encourage a legislative reform in the national legislation that deals with the promise of marriage, which international organizations on Human Rights in defense of rights against slavery and human trafficking have defined as the form by which a person without distinction of age, is given in marriage without being assisted in law, limiting their autonomy without the right to oppose, to explore their sexual and reproductive life in exchange for a dowry, either in money or in kind. Many of the modalities of servile marriage are accepted by society, without any recrimination, becoming a crime which is typified in Art 106 of the Organic Integral Penal Code, with a great conceptual vacuum, because this is linked only to human trafficking and a form of slavery, violating individual rights on the integrity and dignity of the woman given in marriage, who has been forced to sexual and psychological violence. Thus, this research seeks to restructure the figure of servile marriage separated from human trafficking, noting that an ancestral and cultural practice cannot violate the rights of freedom and independence. The purpose is to provide some clues that allow a better diagnosis to determine the level of responsibility of indigenous peoples and mainly the State in the eradication of these forced unions and its obligation to ensure the protection and respect for the autonomy, freedom and human rights of indigenous women.
This research is based on the model of servile marriage from the indigenous worldview, as an ancestral and unknown form of violation of the right to freedom, covered in a traditional and customary figure, generalized in the guarantee of the rights recognized in the Constitution, whose purpose is to identify a violation of rights by indigenous peoples who are protected by the right to their autonomy and development of ancestral traditions. In addition, to encourage a legislative reform in the national legislation that deals with the promise of marriage, which international organizations on Human Rights in defense of rights against slavery and human trafficking have defined as the form by which a person without distinction of age, is given in marriage without being assisted in law, limiting their autonomy without the right to oppose, to explore their sexual and reproductive life in exchange for a dowry, either in money or in kind. Many of the modalities of servile marriage are accepted by society, without any recrimination, becoming a crime which is typified in Art 106 of the Organic Integral Penal Code, with a great conceptual vacuum, because this is linked only to human trafficking and a form of slavery, violating individual rights on the integrity and dignity of the woman given in marriage, who has been forced to sexual and psychological violence. Thus, this research seeks to restructure the figure of servile marriage separated from human trafficking, noting that an ancestral and cultural practice cannot violate the rights of freedom and independence. The purpose is to provide some clues that allow a better diagnosis to determine the level of responsibility of indigenous peoples and mainly the State in the eradication of these forced unions and its obligation to ensure the protection and respect for the autonomy, freedom and human rights of indigenous women.
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Keywords
Matrimonio, Servil, Libertad, Esclavitud