Distribución vertical de ozono troposférico y su relación con la absorción ultravioleta sobre tres localidades de la ciudad de Quito
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Date
2022
Journal Title
Journal ISSN
Volume Title
Publisher
PUCE - Ibarra
Abstract
En esta investigación se analiza la distribución del ozono troposférico en la ciudad de Quito mediante la utilización de los datos de diferentes estaciones meteorológicas que se encuentran en dicha ciudad. El ozono se encuentra tanto en la tropósfera como en la estratósfera, en la primera capa se considera un contaminante secundario, es decir no se libera directamente a la atmósfera, sino que consta de reacciones muy complejas como impurezas relacionadas con óxidos de carbono, nitrógeno, hidrocarburos y radiación solar. El ozono estratosférico se encuentra a una altitud de 25 a 50 km sobre la superficie terrestre, forma la capa de ozono y es un filtro natural. Protege de los dañinos rayos ultravioleta que emite la capa de ozono del sol en la estratósfera, aunque la concentración de ozono es de apenas 0,2 ppm, juega un papel muy importante en el desarrollo de la vida en el planeta: la absorción de una gran parte de los rayos ultravioleta que llegan a la tierra protege a los organismos vivos de quemaduras y previene el calentamiento atmosférico evitando que llegue demasiada radiación a la Tierra. La radiación solar en la parte superior de la atmósfera tiene una longitud de onda más corta que la luz visible. La radiación llamada ultravioleta, es de tres series; la longitud de onda corta, conocida como luz UV-C, la cual está completamente bloqueada por el oxígeno y el ozono en la tropósfera; la longitud de onda media, o también llamada radiación UV-B, es parcialmente absorbida por el ozono mientras que la longitud de onda más larga es la UV-A. Este trabajo da una visión general de la distribución del ozono troposférico y su relación con la radiación UV. Con los datos obtenidos de la secretaria del Ambiente se procede a realizar un análisis estadístico con los promedios anuales de Ozono troposférico y Radiación UV, mediante la utilización de softwares como Excel y XLSTAT, con el programa ArcGIS se realizó mapas temáticos y por último se plantea un plan de acción dirigido a toda la población del Distrito Metropolitano de Quito.
This research analyzes the distribution of tropospheric ozone in the city of Quito using data from different meteorological stations located in the city. Ozone is found both in the troposphere and in the stratosphere, in the first layer it is considered a secondary pollutant, that is, it is not released directly into the atmosphere, but consists of very complex reactions such as impurities related to carbon oxides, nitrogen, hydrocarbons and solar radiation. Stratospheric ozone is found at an altitude of 25 to 50 km above the earth's surface, forms the ozone layer and is a natural filter. It protects from the harmful ultraviolet rays emitted by the sun's ozone layer in the stratosphere. Although the concentration of ozone is only 0.2 ppm, it plays a very important role in the development of life on the planet: absorbing a large part of the ultraviolet rays that reach the earth protects living organisms from burns and prevents atmospheric warming by preventing too much radiation from reaching the earth. Solar radiation at the top of the atmosphere has a shorter wavelength than visible light. The radiation, called ultraviolet radiation, is of three series; the short wavelength, known as UV-C light, which is completely blocked by oxygen and ozone in the troposphere; the medium wavelength, or also called UV-B radiation, is partially absorbed by ozone while the longest wavelength is UV-A. This paper gives an overview of the distribution of tropospheric ozone and its relation to UV radiation. With the data obtained from the Secretary of the Environment, a statistical analysis is made with the annual averages of tropospheric ozone and UV radiation, using software such as Excel and XLSTAT, with the ArcGIS program thematic maps were made and finally an action plan is proposed for the entire population of the Metropolitan District of Quito.
This research analyzes the distribution of tropospheric ozone in the city of Quito using data from different meteorological stations located in the city. Ozone is found both in the troposphere and in the stratosphere, in the first layer it is considered a secondary pollutant, that is, it is not released directly into the atmosphere, but consists of very complex reactions such as impurities related to carbon oxides, nitrogen, hydrocarbons and solar radiation. Stratospheric ozone is found at an altitude of 25 to 50 km above the earth's surface, forms the ozone layer and is a natural filter. It protects from the harmful ultraviolet rays emitted by the sun's ozone layer in the stratosphere. Although the concentration of ozone is only 0.2 ppm, it plays a very important role in the development of life on the planet: absorbing a large part of the ultraviolet rays that reach the earth protects living organisms from burns and prevents atmospheric warming by preventing too much radiation from reaching the earth. Solar radiation at the top of the atmosphere has a shorter wavelength than visible light. The radiation, called ultraviolet radiation, is of three series; the short wavelength, known as UV-C light, which is completely blocked by oxygen and ozone in the troposphere; the medium wavelength, or also called UV-B radiation, is partially absorbed by ozone while the longest wavelength is UV-A. This paper gives an overview of the distribution of tropospheric ozone and its relation to UV radiation. With the data obtained from the Secretary of the Environment, a statistical analysis is made with the annual averages of tropospheric ozone and UV radiation, using software such as Excel and XLSTAT, with the ArcGIS program thematic maps were made and finally an action plan is proposed for the entire population of the Metropolitan District of Quito.
Description
Keywords
Ozono troposférico, Estratosférico, Radiación uv, Excel, Xlstat, Arcgis