La política migratoria del Estado ecuatoriano y los actuales enfoques sobre la movilidad humana
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Date
2024
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Publisher
PUCE - Ibarra
Abstract
El objetivo general de la investigación fue determinar la pertinencia de la política migratoria en Ecuador, analizando tanto la normativa pertinente vigente para entender la situación jurídica de los migrantes, como el enfoque del Estado ecuatoriano en materia de movilidad humana, en el marco de la Constitución y la Ley de Movilidad Humana, para salvaguardar los derechos de los migrantes, incluyendo protección, salud, educación y libre movilidad. A pesar de los avances, se identificaron desafíos como adaptar la legislación a las dinámicas migratorias cambiantes y afrontar flujos masivos como el de los migrantes venezolanos. La investigación es relevante dada la movilidad humana global y los desafíos específicos de Ecuador, especialmente con la reciente llegada de migrantes venezolanos. Además, se evaluó la coherencia de las políticas nacionales con estándares internacionales de derechos humanos y su capacidad para adaptarse a las dinámicas migratorias, encontrándose que Ecuador tiene un marco normativo robusto; pero enfrenta desafíos en su implementación y aplicación, destacando la necesidad de adaptar la legislación y prepararse para gestionar flujos migratorios masivos. El enfoque utilizado fue cualitativo y los métodos aplicados fueron el socio jurídico y el normativista. En todo caso, en este trabajo se evidenció un enfoque normativista en la política migratoria del Ecuador; especialmente, en términos de derechos humanos; sin embargo, dicho enfoque ha tenido que enfrentar las diversas situaciones y desafíos que se presentan en su implementación práctica.
The general objective of the research was to determine the relevance of the migration policy in Ecuador, analyzing both the relevant regulations in force to understand the legal situation of migrants, and the approach of the Ecuadorian State in matters of human mobility, within the framework of the Constitution. and the Human Mobility Law, to safeguard the rights of migrants, including protection, health, education, and free mobility. Despite the progress, challenges were identified such as adapting legislation to changing migratory dynamics and facing massive flows such as that of Venezuelan migrants. The research is relevant given global human mobility and Ecuador's specific challenges, especially with the recent arrival of Venezuelan migrants. In addition, the coherence of national policies with international human rights standards and their ability to adapt to migratory dynamics was evaluated, finding that Ecuador has a robust regulatory framework; but it faces challenges in its implementation and application, highlighting the need to adapt legislation and prepare to manage massive migratory flows. The approach used was qualitative and the methods applied were socio-legal and normativist. In any case, in this work a normativist approach was evident in Ecuador's immigration policy; especially, in terms of human rights; However, this approach has had to face the various situations and challenges that arise in its practical implementation.
The general objective of the research was to determine the relevance of the migration policy in Ecuador, analyzing both the relevant regulations in force to understand the legal situation of migrants, and the approach of the Ecuadorian State in matters of human mobility, within the framework of the Constitution. and the Human Mobility Law, to safeguard the rights of migrants, including protection, health, education, and free mobility. Despite the progress, challenges were identified such as adapting legislation to changing migratory dynamics and facing massive flows such as that of Venezuelan migrants. The research is relevant given global human mobility and Ecuador's specific challenges, especially with the recent arrival of Venezuelan migrants. In addition, the coherence of national policies with international human rights standards and their ability to adapt to migratory dynamics was evaluated, finding that Ecuador has a robust regulatory framework; but it faces challenges in its implementation and application, highlighting the need to adapt legislation and prepare to manage massive migratory flows. The approach used was qualitative and the methods applied were socio-legal and normativist. In any case, in this work a normativist approach was evident in Ecuador's immigration policy; especially, in terms of human rights; However, this approach has had to face the various situations and challenges that arise in its practical implementation.
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Keywords
Política migratoria, Ecuador, Enfoques, Movilidad humana, Normativa, Derechos humanos, Legislación, Desafíos, Implementación, Adaptación