Análisis de la paralización de un servicio público de la salud y su impacto en los derechos
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Date
2021
Journal Title
Journal ISSN
Volume Title
Publisher
PUCE - Ibarra
Abstract
El estudio de los derechos humanos y los servicios públicos, constituye la base fundamental de respeto y prevalencia de las garantías del ser humano. Particularmente la salud, es reconocida como un derecho constitucional, por ello todo el mundo debe tener acceso a los servicios de salud que necesita, cuando y donde los necesite (Organización Mundial de la Salud OMS, 2017, p. 1). Por tanto, los servicios públicos de salud son un derecho humano, porque buscan garantizar el bienestar y la vida digna de las personas. Sin embargo, las distintas realidades en los servicios públicos de salud en América Latina y en otras partes del mundo, han denotado un nivel insuficiente de aporte al sistema de salud, siendo su personal el más afectado del resto de la población. Ante esta situación, surge la necesidad de la protesta como mecanismo de reclamo para hacer valer los derechos. Una de las expresiones más frecuente es la paralización de los servicios públicos. En este sentido, siendo la protesta un derecho Constitucional, no habría razón para negarla a las personas que estén en el área de la salud. El problema surge, no por el hecho de que un derecho sea superior a otro, sino que se debe entrar a valorar el impacto o consecuencia de la paralización del mismo. Pero, en la práctica el estado sanciona el desarrollo de este derecho, tal y como lo expresa el artículo 346 del Código Orgánico Integral Penal. En este contexto, no existe claridad en la norma, siendo muy vaga y ambigua, lo que genera un campo abierto para la interpretación equivoca de la misma, carente de proporcionalidad, lo que a toda luz genera una verdadera vulneración de los derechos humanos, pero escudada en la legalidad del ejercicio sancionatorio.
The study of human rights and public services constitutes the fundamental basis of respect and prevalence of the guarantees of the human being. In particular, health is recognized as a fundamental right, therefore everyone must have access to the health services they need, when and where they need them” (World Health Organization WHO, 2017, p. 1). Therefore, public health services are a human right, because they seek to guarantee the well-being and dignified life of people. However, the different realities in public health services in Latin America and in other parts of the world, have denoted an insufficient level of contribution to the health system, where health personnel are the most affected, in addition to the rest of the population. Faced with this situation, the need for protest arises as a claim mechanism to enforce rights. One of the most frequent expressions is the paralysis of public services. In this sense, since protest is a fundamental human right, there would be no reason to deny it to people who are in the health area. The problem arises not from the fact that one right is superior to another, but rather that the impact or consequence of its paralysis must be assessed. But, in practice, the State sanctions the development of this right, as expressed in article 346 of the Comprehensive Organic Criminal Code. In this context, there is no clarity in the norm, being very vague and ambiguous, which creates an open field for the wrong interpretation of it, lacking proportionality, which in all light generates a true violation of human rights, but shielded in the legality of the sanctioning exercise.
The study of human rights and public services constitutes the fundamental basis of respect and prevalence of the guarantees of the human being. In particular, health is recognized as a fundamental right, therefore everyone must have access to the health services they need, when and where they need them” (World Health Organization WHO, 2017, p. 1). Therefore, public health services are a human right, because they seek to guarantee the well-being and dignified life of people. However, the different realities in public health services in Latin America and in other parts of the world, have denoted an insufficient level of contribution to the health system, where health personnel are the most affected, in addition to the rest of the population. Faced with this situation, the need for protest arises as a claim mechanism to enforce rights. One of the most frequent expressions is the paralysis of public services. In this sense, since protest is a fundamental human right, there would be no reason to deny it to people who are in the health area. The problem arises not from the fact that one right is superior to another, but rather that the impact or consequence of its paralysis must be assessed. But, in practice, the State sanctions the development of this right, as expressed in article 346 of the Comprehensive Organic Criminal Code. In this context, there is no clarity in the norm, being very vague and ambiguous, which creates an open field for the wrong interpretation of it, lacking proportionality, which in all light generates a true violation of human rights, but shielded in the legality of the sanctioning exercise.
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Keywords
Derechos, Salud, Servicios, Público