Criterios para la focalización del subsidio de combustibles como mecanismo de redistribución de la riqueza en el Ecuador período 2017-2021
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Date
2021
Journal Title
Journal ISSN
Volume Title
Publisher
PUCE - Ibarra
Abstract
El subsidio a los combustibles derivados del petróleo representa aproximadamente el 7% anual dentro del gasto público ecuatoriano, es decir, dos tercios del déficit fiscal. Su eliminación posibilitará claros beneficios económicos y ambientales pudiendo alinearse con la lucha en contra de la contaminación y calentamiento global establecidos en los tratados internacionales. Implementar reformas desde la política ha representado a lo largo de la historia efectos adversos para las familias vulnerables. Por lo que para la elaboración del presente artículo científico “Criterios para la focalización del subsidio de combustibles como mecanismo de redistribución de la riqueza en el Ecuador período 2017-2021.” Permitirá visualizar posibilidades para cambiar esta situación, por lo que se procedió a realizar un análisis bibliográfico tanto de autores nacionales como internacionales, sobre la historia, evolución, políticas, afectaciones al ambiente de los combustibles, reconociendo que el principal problema relacionado con los subsidios a los combustibles están en los mecanismos de gestión utilizados, monitoreo y control del destino de los recursos del estado que se ven desactualizados, deficientes e inexistentes, en algunos de los casos entorpeciendo una verdadera focalización. Se debe mencionar también que los subsidios muestran su ineficiencia y violación a los derechos de las personas básicamente porque se distribuyen de manera dispersa pues las instituciones encargadas de esta actividad son varias y la información carece de una consolidación y administración de forma periódica que realice un seguimiento. El planteamiento y ejecución efectivos de una focalización de productos del petróleo contemplado por muchos sectores del país se ve como una de las mejores opciones a ser implementada en el corto y mediano plazo aplicando medidas compensatorias que eviten más afectaciones al general de la población, la cantidad transferida a los hogares vulnerables mediante el del Bono de Desarrollo Humano, sustituyendo los subsidios universales al GLP por vales de GLP focalizados podría presentarse como una medida muy viable.
The subsidy to petroleum-based fuels represents approximately 7% per year in Ecuador's public spending, that is, two thirds of the fiscal deficit. Its elimination will enable clear economic and environmental benefits and can be aligned with the fight against pollution and global warming established in international treaties. Implementing policy reforms has historically had adverse effects on vulnerable families. So for the preparation of this scientific article 'Criteria for the targeting of fuel subsidy as a mechanism for redistribution of wealth in Ecuador period 2017-2021.'It will allow us to visualize possibilities to change this situation, so we proceeded to carry out a bibliographic analysis of both national and international authors, on the history, evolution, policies, affectations to the fuel environment, recognizing that the main problem related to fuel subsidies are in the management mechanisms used, monitoring and control of the destination of state resources that are outdated, deficient and non existent, in some cases hindering a true targeting. It should be mentioned also that the grants show their inefficiency and violation of the rights of the people basically because they are distributed separately as the institutions responsible for this activity are various and the information lacks a consolidation and management of periodic follow-up. The approach and execution of effective targeting of petroleum products referred to by many sectors of the country is seen as one of the best options to be implemented in the short and medium term by applying compensatory measures to avoid more harm to the general population, the amount transferred to the vulnerable households by means of the Bond of Human Development, replacing the support for universal LPG vouchers LPG focused could be presented as a very viable.
The subsidy to petroleum-based fuels represents approximately 7% per year in Ecuador's public spending, that is, two thirds of the fiscal deficit. Its elimination will enable clear economic and environmental benefits and can be aligned with the fight against pollution and global warming established in international treaties. Implementing policy reforms has historically had adverse effects on vulnerable families. So for the preparation of this scientific article 'Criteria for the targeting of fuel subsidy as a mechanism for redistribution of wealth in Ecuador period 2017-2021.'It will allow us to visualize possibilities to change this situation, so we proceeded to carry out a bibliographic analysis of both national and international authors, on the history, evolution, policies, affectations to the fuel environment, recognizing that the main problem related to fuel subsidies are in the management mechanisms used, monitoring and control of the destination of state resources that are outdated, deficient and non existent, in some cases hindering a true targeting. It should be mentioned also that the grants show their inefficiency and violation of the rights of the people basically because they are distributed separately as the institutions responsible for this activity are various and the information lacks a consolidation and management of periodic follow-up. The approach and execution of effective targeting of petroleum products referred to by many sectors of the country is seen as one of the best options to be implemented in the short and medium term by applying compensatory measures to avoid more harm to the general population, the amount transferred to the vulnerable households by means of the Bond of Human Development, replacing the support for universal LPG vouchers LPG focused could be presented as a very viable.
Description
Keywords
Focalización, Subsidio, Combustible, Política