Análisis jurídico sobre la aplicación del principio de ciudadanía universal y la movilidad humana en la provincia de Imbabura durante el año 2018
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Date
2021
Journal Title
Journal ISSN
Volume Title
Publisher
PUCE - Ibarra
Abstract
La Constitución de la República del Ecuador del año 2008 contempla un conjunto de normas novedosas relacionadas con la movilidad humana. En el Capítulo Tercero relativo a los derechos de las personas y grupos de atención prioritaria incluye a los migrantes, a los cuales reconoce en el artículo 11 los mismos derechos, deberes y oportunidades que las demás personas. En el marco neoconstitucional de primacía de los derechos, la norma fundamental incorpora la ciudadanía universal como principio rector de las relaciones internacionales del Estado ecuatoriano y propugna la libre movilidad de todos los habitantes del planeta y el progresivo fin de la condición extranjera como elemento transformador de las relaciones desiguales entre los países, especialmente norte-sur. Sin embargo, en los últimos años el ordenamiento jurídico y el Ejecutivo han venido incrementado las exigencias para el ingreso y permanencia de los extranjeros en el territorio ecuatoriano, de allí que se haya planteado como objetivo general determinar si el principio de ciudadanía universal se aplica en el tratamiento jurídico de las personas en situación de movilidad, a fin de verificar su eficacia para el resguardo y el ejercicio de los derechos de las personas en situación de movilidad. La investigación se encuentra enmarcada en la metodología cualitativa de nivel descriptiva, apoyada en los métodos analítico, normativista y sociojurídico, en cuyo desarrollo se aplicaron las técnicas de la revisión documental y la entrevista. Como resultado del estudio se ha evidenciado que no se aplica el principio de ciudadanía universal en la política implementada en el Ecuador en materia de movilidad humana, la cual se fundamenta en la imposición de controles y restricciones que atentan contra el principio pro persona establecido en la Ley Orgánica de Movilidad Humana y contra los derechos de personas en situación de indefensión y vulnerabilidad.
The 2008 Constitution of the Republic of Ecuador contemplates a set of novel norms related to human mobility. In the Third Chapter on the rights of people and priority care groups, it includes migrants, whom it recognizes in Article 11 the same rights, duties and opportunities as other people. In the neo-constitutional framework of the primacy of rights, the fundamental norm incorporates universal citizenship as a guiding principle of the international relations of the Ecuadorian State and advocates the free mobility of all the inhabitants of the planet and the progressive end of the foreign condition as a transforming element unequal relations between countries, especially north-south . However, in recent years the legal system and the Executive have increased the requirements for the entry and stay of foreigners in Ecuadorian territory, hence the general objective of determining whether the principle of universal citizenship is applied in the legal treatment of people in a mobility situation, in order to verify its effectiveness for the protection and exercise of the rights of people in a mobility situation. The research is framed in the qualitative methodology of descriptive level, supported by analytical, normative and socio-legal methods, in whose development the techniques of document review and interview were applied. As a result of the study, it has been shown that the principle of universal citizenship is not applied in the policy implemented in Ecuador regarding human mobility, which is based on the imposition of controls and restrictions that violate the pro person principle established in the Organic Law on Human Mobility and against the rights of people in situations of defenselessness and vulnerability.
The 2008 Constitution of the Republic of Ecuador contemplates a set of novel norms related to human mobility. In the Third Chapter on the rights of people and priority care groups, it includes migrants, whom it recognizes in Article 11 the same rights, duties and opportunities as other people. In the neo-constitutional framework of the primacy of rights, the fundamental norm incorporates universal citizenship as a guiding principle of the international relations of the Ecuadorian State and advocates the free mobility of all the inhabitants of the planet and the progressive end of the foreign condition as a transforming element unequal relations between countries, especially north-south . However, in recent years the legal system and the Executive have increased the requirements for the entry and stay of foreigners in Ecuadorian territory, hence the general objective of determining whether the principle of universal citizenship is applied in the legal treatment of people in a mobility situation, in order to verify its effectiveness for the protection and exercise of the rights of people in a mobility situation. The research is framed in the qualitative methodology of descriptive level, supported by analytical, normative and socio-legal methods, in whose development the techniques of document review and interview were applied. As a result of the study, it has been shown that the principle of universal citizenship is not applied in the policy implemented in Ecuador regarding human mobility, which is based on the imposition of controls and restrictions that violate the pro person principle established in the Organic Law on Human Mobility and against the rights of people in situations of defenselessness and vulnerability.
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Keywords
Ciudadanía, Movilidad, Derechos, Humanos