Analysis of the Mexican Policy regarding organ trafficking between 2012-2017

Abstract

Since the beginning of the 1980s, organ trafficking began to rise in the Middle Eastern and European countries as a new form of power for organized crime networks, as a threat for States, and as a new obstacle for international organizations. Organ trafficking later expanded to North and Latin American countries. Hence, International Organizations such as the United Nations, the World Health Organization, the United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime, etc. have developed international legal instruments such as Conventions, Protocols, and Policies in order to detain and control organ trafficking in the global context. For example, countries such as Mexico have had to adapt their legislation in order to align their policies to the international legal instruments in order to combat organ trafficking with difficulty, because of internal factors such as bureaucracy and corruption that worsened in the mandate of former President Enrique Peña Nieto. To study the interaction between the Mexican State, International Organizations and organized criminal networks, this dissertation will analyze the Mexican policy regarding organ trafficking between 2012 and 2017. This case will be analyzed through a mixed methodology, with both a qualitative and quantitative approach. Also, this will be studied and analyzed, through the Complex Interdependence Theory of Robert Keohane and Joseph Nye, as well as the Public Administration Theory of Miguel Galindo, a framework to study the necessity of cooperation between actors and the dynamic system of norms implemented by those who govern a politically organized community.