Tesis - Biología (Sin Restricción)

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Browsing Tesis - Biología (Sin Restricción) by Subject "Angiosperms"

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    Ecological significance, development, and occurrence of nectar spurs en familias de plantas presentes en Ecuador
    (PUCE - Quito, 2025) Buenaño Barreno, Karen Maribel; Pérez Castañeda, Álvaro Javier
    Nectar spurs are structures present in the flowers of some angiosperms whose main function is to store the nectar produced. Thanks to this morphology, flowers can attract certain pollinators that can access the nectar and even “filter” them. This filtering process consists of favoring those that are more effective for cross-pollination. By forcing pollinators to position themselves more precisely and closer to the flower, the spurs facilitate proper pollen adhesion and more effective transfer to other flowers. This structure has originated and diversified independently in multiple clades, generating remarkable morphological variety. However, despite their ecological and evolutionary importance, nectar spurs have been little studied, especially in the flora of Ecuador. The complexity they add to the plant-visitor relationship and their morphological diversity highlight the need to better understand their origin, function, and evolution. At the genetic level, the mechanisms or genes involved are not precisely known, and the variation among lineages, together with their convergent diversification, represents a challenge for science. For this reason, it is essential to expand knowledge about this structure, both from an ecological and genetic perspective, to clarify its implications. In this literature review, the presence of nectar spurs in Ecuadorian flora was analyzed, identifying this feature in seven families. This work seeks to provide a more comprehensive view of the role of nectar spurs in the diversification of flowering plants and to highlight the importance of further study from an ecological, evolutionary, and genetic perspective.