Funciones ejecutivas en perpetradores de violencia doméstica: una revisión sistemática
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Date
2025
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Publisher
PUCE - Quito
Abstract
Las funciones ejecutivas corresponden a un conjunto de habilidades cognitivas que permiten organizar, planificar, resolver problemas, llevar a cabo tareas y controlar impulsos de manera efectiva. Por otro lado, los perpetradores de violencia doméstica son personas que ejercen violencia física, emocional, sexual o económica en el ámbito doméstico o en relaciones de pareja, refiriéndose específicamente a individuos que perpetran actos de violencia contra sus parejas íntimas, cónyuges, ex parejas o familiares en el contexto del hogar. El presente artículo tiene como objetivo exponer y analizar los resultados obtenidos de estudios previos a través de una revisión sistemática cuantitativa, con la finalidad de relacionar las alteraciones de las funciones ejecutivas en la ejecución de actos violentos en el ámbito doméstico. Se hallaron 497 artículos, resultando únicamente 14 tras un proceso de selección basado en criterios de inclusión y exclusión. Tras un proceso de examinación de las variables de investigación se llegó a resultados que evidencian que las alteraciones en las funciones ejecutivas como flexibilidad cognitiva, memoria de trabajo, autorregulación y control inhibitorio están asociadas a un mayor riesgo de presentar actos de violencia doméstica. Además, se evaluaron otros factores, incluyendo nivel socioeconómico, género y consumo de sustancias. Se realiza una examinación de resultados estableciendo relaciones con investigaciones y estudios anteriores, destacando la importancia de continuar realizando estudios continuos que amplíen el entendimiento de las funciones ejecutivas en la violencia doméstica.
Executive functions correspond to a set of cognitive skills that allow for effective organization, planning, problem solving, task completion and impulse control. On the other hand, perpetrators of domestic violence are individuals who perpetrate physical, emotional, sexual or economic violence in the domestic sphere or in intimate partner relationships, referring specifically to individuals who perpetrate acts of violence against their intimate partners, spouses, ex-partners or family members in the context of the home. The aim of this article is to present and analyze the results obtained from previous studies through a quantitative systematic review, with the purpose of relating the alterations of the executive functions in the execution of violent acts in the domestic setting. A total of 497 articles were found, resulting in only 14 after a selection process based on inclusion and exclusion criteria. After a process of examination of the research variables, the results showed that alterations in executive functions such as cognitive flexibility, working memory, self-regulation and inhibitory control are associated with a higher risk of presenting acts of domestic violence. In addition, other factors were evaluated, including socioeconomic status, gender, and substance use. An examination of the results is made, establishing relationships with previous research and studies, highlighting the importance of continuing studies that expand the understanding of executive functions in domestic violence.
Executive functions correspond to a set of cognitive skills that allow for effective organization, planning, problem solving, task completion and impulse control. On the other hand, perpetrators of domestic violence are individuals who perpetrate physical, emotional, sexual or economic violence in the domestic sphere or in intimate partner relationships, referring specifically to individuals who perpetrate acts of violence against their intimate partners, spouses, ex-partners or family members in the context of the home. The aim of this article is to present and analyze the results obtained from previous studies through a quantitative systematic review, with the purpose of relating the alterations of the executive functions in the execution of violent acts in the domestic setting. A total of 497 articles were found, resulting in only 14 after a selection process based on inclusion and exclusion criteria. After a process of examination of the research variables, the results showed that alterations in executive functions such as cognitive flexibility, working memory, self-regulation and inhibitory control are associated with a higher risk of presenting acts of domestic violence. In addition, other factors were evaluated, including socioeconomic status, gender, and substance use. An examination of the results is made, establishing relationships with previous research and studies, highlighting the importance of continuing studies that expand the understanding of executive functions in domestic violence.
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Keywords
Funciones ejecutivas (Neuropsicología), Violencia familiar, Violencia en la pareja, Psicología forense, Pruebas neuropsicológicas, Revisión sistemática, Executive functions, Domestic violence, Forensic psychology, Intimate partner violence