El consentimiento en las relaciones sexuales en adolescentes de 14 a 18 años en Ecuador: Estudio de la Sentencia CC N° 13-18-CN/21
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Date
2024
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Publisher
PUCE - Ibarra
Abstract
En el trabajo de investigación es sobre la sentencia 13-18-CN/21 de 15 de diciembre de 2021 emitida por la Corte Constitucional, en el cual el problema que ha sido plantado es analizar los parámetros y criterios que se indican para que el consentimiento en relaciones sexuales sea válido en menores de edad. Así como también se hizo el análisis de los parámetros y criterios establecidos para determinar la capacidad de los adolescentes para consentir en relaciones sexuales. Estos parámetros incluyen la madurez, la capacidad de comprensión y de decisión, y la ausencia de factores que puedan afectar la capacidad de consentimiento, todo esto teniendo en cuenta el principio del interés superior del niño, así como el principio de una vida digna. El enfoque de la investigación fue cualitativo, descriptivo y documental. Se utilizaron los métodos analítico, hermenéutico, normativista y lógico sintético. Las técnicas aplicadas fueron la revisión documental y la entrevista. La revisión documental permitió identificar las investigaciones previas realizadas por autores, los elementos teóricos y conceptuales presentes en la obra de diversos autores y el contenido de la sentencia objeto de estudio. Dentro de los resultados que se tiene que el concepto de consentimiento se refiere a la manifestación de la voluntad de una persona para realizar una acción determinada. Para concluir la sentencia reconoce que los adolescentes a partir de los 14 años tienen la capacidad de consentir en una relación sexual, siempre que se cumplan ciertos parámetros. Estos parámetros están orientados a asegurar que el consentimiento sea libre, voluntario, autónomo y exento de presiones, violencia o coerción.
The research work is about the ruling 13-18-CN/21 of December 15, 2021 issued by the Constitutional Court, in which the problem that has been raised is to analyze the parameters and criteria that are indicated for the consent in sexual relations is valid in minors. As well as the analysis of the parameters and criteria established to determine the capacity of adolescents to consent to sexual relations. These parameters include maturity, the capacity for understanding and decision-making, and the absence of factors that may affect the capacity for consent, all taking into account the principle of the best interests of the child, as well as the principle of a dignified life. The research approach was qualitative, descriptive and documentary. Analytical, hermeneutic, normativist and synthetic logical methods were used. The techniques applied were documentary review and interview. The documentary review made it possible to identify the previous research carried out by authors, the theoretical and conceptual elements present in the work of various authors and the content of the sentence under study. Among the results, the concept of consent refers to the manifestation of a person's will to carry out a specific action. To conclude, the ruling recognizes that adolescents from the age of 14 have the capacity to consent to a sexual relationship, as long as certain parameters are met. These parameters are aimed at ensuring that consent is free, voluntary, autonomous and free of pressure, violence or coercion.
The research work is about the ruling 13-18-CN/21 of December 15, 2021 issued by the Constitutional Court, in which the problem that has been raised is to analyze the parameters and criteria that are indicated for the consent in sexual relations is valid in minors. As well as the analysis of the parameters and criteria established to determine the capacity of adolescents to consent to sexual relations. These parameters include maturity, the capacity for understanding and decision-making, and the absence of factors that may affect the capacity for consent, all taking into account the principle of the best interests of the child, as well as the principle of a dignified life. The research approach was qualitative, descriptive and documentary. Analytical, hermeneutic, normativist and synthetic logical methods were used. The techniques applied were documentary review and interview. The documentary review made it possible to identify the previous research carried out by authors, the theoretical and conceptual elements present in the work of various authors and the content of the sentence under study. Among the results, the concept of consent refers to the manifestation of a person's will to carry out a specific action. To conclude, the ruling recognizes that adolescents from the age of 14 have the capacity to consent to a sexual relationship, as long as certain parameters are met. These parameters are aimed at ensuring that consent is free, voluntary, autonomous and free of pressure, violence or coercion.
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Keywords
Adolescentes, Derechos, Consentimiento, Sexualidad, Jurisprudencia