Análisis descriptivo del estado de salud en los adultos mayores de la Comunidad Rumipamba Grande, La Esperanza - Ibarra
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Date
2024
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Publisher
PUCE - Ibarra
Abstract
El envejecimiento es un proceso biológico, natural e irreversibles donde se evidencia cambios físicos, psicológico y sociales mismos que pueden presentar distintos factores que pueden afectar o beneficiar a la salud, actualmente los adultos mayores atraviesan un riesgo de padecer enfermedades, mismas que se puede prevenir o detectar mediante una adecuada aplicación de la valoración geriátrica integral. En Ecuador los adultos mayores carecen de un seguimiento médico adecuado, especialmente en las zonas rurales como es el caso de la comunidad Rumipamba Grande perteneciente a la Parroquia la Esperanza, donde no existe una valoración geriátrica que permita conocer la situación de salud real de este grupo etario dentro de la comunidad. Esta investigación es de tipo descriptiva, con un enfoque cuantitativo, siendo el objetivo principal el análisis descriptivo del estado de salud en los adultos mayores de la Comunidad Rumipamba Grande a quienes se les aplicó las diferentes escalas de valoración geriátrica, este estudio posee una muestra de 85 adultos mayores en el rango de 65 a 95 años de edad, entre hombre y mujeres, pertenecientes a la comunidad Rumipamba Grande por más de 12 meses; obteniendo como resultado que solamente el 19% de la población presenta una enfermedad diagnosticada, en la esfera funcional el 85% de los adultos mayores presentan una independencia total y el 42% presentan sarcopenia; en relación a la esfera mental se evidencia que más del 50% de la población no presenta riesgo de sufrir demencia, y que solamente el 3% posee signos de una depresión establecida, finalmente en la esfera social se identifica que el 88% presentan un riesgo social en su estado de salud.
Aging is a biological, natural, and irreversible process where physical, psychological, and social changes are evident and can present different factors that can affect or benefit health. Currently, older adults are at risk of suffering from diseases, which can be prevented or detected through the proper application of a comprehensive geriatric assessment. In Ecuador, older adults lack adequate medical follow-up, especially in rural areas, as is the case of the Rumipamba Grande community belonging to the La Esperanza parish, where there is no geriatric assessment that allows knowing the real health situation of this age group within the community. This research is descriptive, with a quantitative approach, being the main objective of the descriptive analysis of the state of health in the elderly of the Rumipamba Grande Community to whom the different geriatric assessment scales were applied, this study has a sample of 85 elderly adults in the range of 65 to 95 years of age, between men and women, belonging to the Rumipamba Grande community for more than 12 months; The results show that only 19% of the population has a diagnosed disease; in the functional sphere, 85% of the older adults have total independence and 42% have sarcopenia; about the mental sphere, it is evident that more than 50% of the population is not at risk of suffering dementia, and only 3% have signs of established depression; finally, in the social sphere, 88% have a social risk in their state of health.
Aging is a biological, natural, and irreversible process where physical, psychological, and social changes are evident and can present different factors that can affect or benefit health. Currently, older adults are at risk of suffering from diseases, which can be prevented or detected through the proper application of a comprehensive geriatric assessment. In Ecuador, older adults lack adequate medical follow-up, especially in rural areas, as is the case of the Rumipamba Grande community belonging to the La Esperanza parish, where there is no geriatric assessment that allows knowing the real health situation of this age group within the community. This research is descriptive, with a quantitative approach, being the main objective of the descriptive analysis of the state of health in the elderly of the Rumipamba Grande Community to whom the different geriatric assessment scales were applied, this study has a sample of 85 elderly adults in the range of 65 to 95 years of age, between men and women, belonging to the Rumipamba Grande community for more than 12 months; The results show that only 19% of the population has a diagnosed disease; in the functional sphere, 85% of the older adults have total independence and 42% have sarcopenia; about the mental sphere, it is evident that more than 50% of the population is not at risk of suffering dementia, and only 3% have signs of established depression; finally, in the social sphere, 88% have a social risk in their state of health.
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Keywords
Adulto mayor, Estado de salud y valoración geriátrica integral